Controlling the Composition of the Metal in the Direct Reduction of Dust-Sized Materials and Waste Products in a Jet-Emulsion Reactor

Use of the theory of self-organization has made it possible to deviate from the entrenched ways of thinking that led to the creation of traditional metallurgy's unwieldy many-pronged structure and to invent a new technology that has advantages over the established processes used in international metallurgy. Thanks to the development of a flow-rate controller (a reactor-oscillator), complete isolation of the process from the atmosphere, high pressure, internal transport, and bottom-feeding of the working mixture into a vertical column reactor, it has become possible to create dissipative dynamic structures (zones) inside the reactor and independently control oxidation and reduction reactions in these zones. All this has sharply increased the rates of the rates of the physicochemical processes that take place and decreased the volume of the unit (by a factor of 10), cut capital expenditures (by a factor of 2–3), and reduced energy consumption.