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Dieses Kapitel untersucht das Potenzial des grenzüberschreitenden Datenaustauschs zur Verbesserung des Verkehrsmanagements und der Endnutzerinformationsdienste in Mitteleuropa. Er geht den Herausforderungen nach, die sich aus erhöhten grenzüberschreitenden Wartezeiten aufgrund von COVID-19-Vorschriften und anderen Störungen wie Urlaubsverkehr und rauen Wetterbedingungen ergeben. Der Text betont die Notwendigkeit einer verbesserten Koordinierung und gemeinsamen Nutzung von Echtzeit-Daten zwischen den Ländern, um diese Probleme wirksam anzugehen. Zu den zentralen Themen zählen die Entwicklung gemeinsamer Verkehrsmanagementpläne (TMPs) für Österreich, Kroatien, Ungarn, Italien und Slowenien sowie die Implementierung der ASFINAG Smartphone App, die Echtzeit-Verkehrsinformationen und andere Dienstleistungen bereitstellt. In diesem Kapitel wird auch die Bedeutung einer Harmonisierung der Praktiken des Datenaustauschs und des Verkehrsmanagements im Einklang mit der europäischen Gesetzgebung diskutiert. Die Ergebnisse unterstreichen die Vorteile dieser Initiativen wie größere Transparenz und verbesserte Dienstleistungen für die Endverbraucher. Die Schlussfolgerung unterstreicht die Notwendigkeit einer fortgesetzten Zusammenarbeit und Koordination, um nachhaltige und langfristige Vorteile für das Verkehrsnetz in Mitteleuropa sicherzustellen.
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Diese Zusammenfassung des Fachinhalts wurde mit Hilfe von KI generiert.
Abstract
In the European vision of a free movement of people and goods, it is obvious that traffic management strategies must not be limited to national borders. Due to the fact that Austria is a small country within an important transit area it is necessary to have a close cooperation with the neighbouring countries. Data is an important basis for modern traffic management, and it became apparent that motorway operators already have many relevant management strategies available. Therefore, ASFINAG has ever since pursued the coordination and harmonisation of Member-State specific approaches, on at technical and organisational level, by aligning topics such as traffic information and management at cross-border level.
The ASFINAG solutions are in principle quite easy with mainly list views beside map based information delivered. Therefore similar operators might have no problems in establishing a similar service at low costs as well as in short term. However the content delivering backend systems need to be at hand in order to fuel the customer service.
1 Motivation
Traffic and transport across main corridor routes hold great potential for substantial improvements in efficiency and fluency. With that however come risks of disturbances, either on regular (e.g. holiday traffic congestions) or exceptional basis (e.g. heavy weather conditions).
Especially during the last years, additional draw backs have been experienced due to increased cross-border waiting times, related to control procedures in conjunction with applicable COVID-19-regulations. This is a possible risk for commuters and truck drivers, who have to cross borders on a regular basis – often several times a day. Beyond that, situations such as increased traffic during holiday seasons or harsh weather events, although more predictable, can quickly lead to major delays, accidents and frustrated road-users.
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In the past, activities from the involved ministries, police and operators were often focussed on quickly restoring traffic flow. This was merely about combating the symptoms but not properly addressing the core of the problem, which was a lack in cross-border coordination and appropriate access to data and information. As transport is not ending at organisational borders, it is all the more important to draw the links to adjacent urban areas here. While acknowledging the efforts of the previous years, the need for further development of common initiatives reaching beyond borders is still present in order to include real-time events and information that could reach drivers, commuters, HGV drivers or tourists equally.
2 Objectives
As for tourist travelling seasons, there are lot of travellers going from the Northern part of Europe to the seaside in Italy, Croatia and Slovenia during the summer period. To coordinate the mass of traffic going through Austria it is necessary to have a close cooperation between all affected road operators. First TMPs (traffic management plans) for the summer season were already agreed in past years between Italy, Croatia, Austria, Hungary and Slovenia. But it is important to continue this cooperation and to develop additional cross-border TMPs to handle the traffic during the summer period.
The most pressing issues are ongoing coordination and harmonisation on technical and organisational level in line with European legislation. In this way operators and service providers can draw from improved access to data and offer the best possible services to end users. Due to different stakeholders (public/private motorway operators, public authorities, other infrastructure/logistics operators) being responsible for their respective infrastructure segments, a special focus must be on addressing and harmonising the link between high-level corridors and adjacent infrastructure (urban areas, ports, etc.).
3 Data Collection
The cross-border data exchange focus on provision of EU-wide real-time traffic information related to priority action b), on provision of traffic data related to priority actions c), on the provision of information services for safe and secure parking places for trucks and commercial vehicles related to priority action e) and on the provision of multi-modal traveller information related to priority action a) of the ITS Directive (2010/40/EU). The partners are heavily committed to a corridor-based approach and the coordination necessary to ensure long-term relevance and high quality.
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Due to the efforts in terms of data exchange and DATEX II profiling, a solid basis has already existed. All the more important it was to focus on the details, e.g. parameters to consider when describing a detected event, the process of detour selection as well as exact and harmonised location referencing.
4 ASFINAG B2C Solutions Towards Requirements of ITS Directive
4.1 ASFINAG Smartphone App
In 08/2011 the first version of the ASFINAG Smartphone Application “Unterwegs” was introduced in the Apple App Store and the Android Play Store (by 2021 a Huawei version was established). Since then a professional ITSM/ ITIL based process management was established to manage the lifecycle of the product leading to an ongoing improvement of the product and the provided information. Because it is now more than ten years old, a general upgrade of this smartphone app was necessary. The new ASFINAG app contains up-to-date information on traffic and road conditions on the Austrian motorway network according the requirements of the ITS Directive. Following main features are available with the new smartphone application (Fig. 1):
Personalised homescreen - a personalised homescreen by adding personal destinations, routes, or webcams.
Webcams - Access to over 1800 live webcam images along with the motorway network including the webcams of the neighbouring countries.
Traffic information - overview of all events and road works along with the motorway network including a push-message function for personalised routes
Rest areas - Overview of all rest areas along with the motorway network including the rest areas of the neighbouring countries.
E-Charging station – Overview of charging stations for electric cars in Austria
All about tolls - purchase of digital vignette or digital route toll via the ASFINAG toll shop, Austria-wide overview of all vignette and GO-Box sales points.
Planning & Navigating - Intermodal Route Planner (Central Europe-wide) with the help of Traffic Information Austria
Languages - ASFINAG App is available in 12 languages
The ASFINAG website provides information by means of maps widgets. The focus is on the needs towards requirements of ITS Directive (incl. E-Charging points) and information from neighbouring countries (e.g. Webcams, rest areas, traffic messages…). The update cycle takes place in four regular updates per year and is regularly extended to include data from neighbouring countries (Fig. 2).
Together with DATEX II and the exchange of event information, that is relevant for road conditions in neighbouring countries, the digitalisation of traffic management plans (TMPs) has become one essential achievement in terms of harmonised cross-border traffic management pursued in Austria.
Although a mature status on TMPs on national level has already existed, a connection on transnational level was needed. Besides the obvious language barriers, missing automatisms and a unified way of displaying information (both internally and to drivers) were major obstacles when updating existing TMPs or adding new ones.
Therefore, operators from Austria, Croatia, Hungary, Italy and Slovenia have established a common process for this coordination of TMPs. In order to properly present the information from those neighbouring motorway operators, Slovenian motorway operator DARS conceived an interactive road map and integrated it into its central system for displaying and entering traffic information throughout the entire Slovenian road network. The system was built in a centralised way, allowing to enter and review information for all Slovenian (and neighbouring countries’) roads from a single tool.
The TMP application consist of an interactive map, where users can see TMPs and active events for the CROCODILE corridor region.
Events can be added if the section is covered by a TMP and then add according information, e.g. type of event and duration. For already existing events, all involved parties will receive a notification and are also able to select TMPs and rerouting strategies. For every event only one strategy can be selected. Parties not involved in the certain plan or strategy can view them, but not select or edit (Fig. 3).
As Austria is situated in the heart of Europe, special challenges arise to the transportation network as:
High percentage of foreign drivers (especially during holiday seasons)
High percentage of the Austrian motorway classified as critical infrastructure in terms of road safety. The total length of the network is per 2020: 2.249 km; 400 km of the network is situated in tunnels (166 tunnels). In addition 5.818 bridges are located on the Austrian motorway network.
Due to topographical reasons in some areas are only limited rerouting possibilities.
The ASFINAG solutions are in principle quite easy with mainly list views beside map based information delivered. Therefore similar operators might have no problems in establishing a similar service at low costs as well as in short term. However the content delivering backend systems (in Austria’s case e.g. webcam system, roadworks management tool, event database or the Austrian wide route planner) need to be at hand in order to fuel the customer service.
Major findings of the provision of ASFINAG end user services (since beginning in 2011):
Transparency: delivering real time information pushes the level of data transparency (of course not necessarily bad). With that increase, customers will raise data and service issues, additional ideas and wishes as well as difficulties they experience. Service providers need to be prepared for a high volume of customer contacts in order to satisfy the customers.
Multilingualism: the provision of the ASFINAG App (now in 12 languages) resulted in reduced flexibility when adding new features as a translation agency has to be consulted for each change request. Additional costs - beside initial costs – for each change are also o be calculated. But the overall feedback show positive response by customers using the service in their preferred language.
6 Conclusions
The past years have shown that cooperation is important to find common solutions. Especially since traffic does not end at organisational borders.
While acknowledging the efforts, the need for further collaboration beyond borders is ever more present. The most pressing issues in this regard are the ongoing coordination and harmonisation at technical and organisational level in accordance with European legislation. In this way operators and service providers can draw from improved access to data and offer the best possible services to end users. Due to different stakeholders (public/private motorway operators, public authorities, other infrastructure) being responsible for their respective infrastructure segments, a special focus must be put on addressing and harmonising the link between high-level corridors and the adjacent transport network (urban areas, secondary road network, multi-modal nodes etc.).
Other issues include the harmonised implementation of the ITS Directive and its supplementing Delegated Regulations. While basic principles are set out as mandatory provisions, the technical and organisational details often remain unclear and subject to Member-State-specific approaches. To ensure a common European and corridor-based strategy, it is essential to further foster the alignment of the previously mentioned topics such as DATEX II profiles as well as traffic information and management at cross-border level. This approach has been successful in the past and should be pursued further for sustainable and long-term corridor benefits.
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