Design and Manufacturing of an Efficient Low-Cost Fire Surveillance System Based on GSM Communications and IoT Technology

In addition to recent technological advancements, a noticeable trend has emerged toward the development of smart cities and homes. By integrating intelligent home control components with existing household appliances, it aims to significantly reduce the use of human effort. This integration has led to decreased electricity consumption, enhanced home security against accidents and theft, and an overall improvement in residents’ comfort levels. This paper proposes the utilization of Internet of Things (IoT) technology for the design of an intelligent home fire alarm system. The suggested system is comprised of an Arduino microcontroller, a NodeMCU microcontroller, a GSM shield, a flame sensor, a buzzer, and a servo motor. Given the limitations and relatively low accuracy of flame sensors, the LM35 temperature sensor is employed in conjunction with it. Upon detecting a flame and a subsequent temperature rise beyond 50 °C, the Arduino Uno will promptly dispatch an SMS warning to the homeowner. Simultaneously, a logical “1” signal will be transmitted to the NodeMCU microcontroller. This microcontroller will then utilize IoT technology to exhibit the warning message on the pre-programmed graphical user interface (GUI). To conclude the alert sequence, the Arduino Uno microcontroller will activate the servo motor. This activation serves the purpose of initiating the opening of the exit door and triggering the alarm. Rigorous practical testing has been conducted on the implemented system, yielding consistently positive outcomes and successful results.