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2017 | Buch

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Development of Recycled Polypropylene Plastic Fibres to Reinforce Concrete

verfasst von: Shi Yin

Verlag: Springer Singapore

Buchreihe : Springer Theses

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

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Über dieses Buch

This book outlines a methodology for producing macro recycled polypropylene (PP) fibres with optimal mechanical properties and illustrates the reinforcing effects of recycled PP fibres in concrete. It describes the great potential of using these fibres in concrete applications such as footpaths and precast elements. Further, it sheds new light on the environmental impacts of using recycled PP fibres, which are evaluated by means of cradle to gate life cycle assessment based on the Australian context. The use of recycled PP fibre not only helps reduce consumption of virgin materials like steel or plastic but also provides an attractive avenue for recycling plastic waste. The book will appeal to engineers, governments, and solid waste planners, and offers a valuable reference for the plastic waste recycling and plastic fibre reinforced concrete industries.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter

Chapter 1. Introduction

Abstract

In recent years, macro plastic fibres have widely been used to replace traditional steel reinforcement in the construction of concrete footpaths, precast elements and shotcrete tunnel linings. Recycled polypropylene (PP) fibres offer significant environmental benefits over virgin PP fibres or steel mesh. However, the recycled PP fibres have not yet been widely adopted by construction industries due to limited research. This project aims to develop recycled PP fibres, which can be used to replace virgin PP fibre and steel mesh. This chapter introduces the rationale for this project, provides the research objectives and explains the origination of this thesis.

Shi Yin

Chapter 2. Literature Review

Abstract

In this chapter, current progress in the fields of recycled plastic fibre reinforced concrete is reviewed. Various workable technologies in the mechanical reprocessing of PP waste, which have been successfully developed and widely applied in the recycling industry, are presented. Recent developments in the area of macro plastic fibre reinforced concrete are discussed. Characterisation methods of toughness and post-cracking behaviour of fibre reinforced concrete are reviewed. Based on the properties of recycled PP fibres in this research, the most suitable characterisation methods are chosen. Current progress of life cycle assessment on recycling plastic waste is discussed.

Shi Yin

Chapter 3. Production and Characterisation of the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Recycled PP Fibers

Abstract

This chapter explored the industrial feasibility of using melt spinning and hot drawing process to produce PP fibre under factory conditions instead of laboratory conditions. Virgin PP fibres of high tensile strength and Young’s modulus have been successfully produced by this method. However, the production of recycled plastics with sufficient mechanical properties is still a major challenge due to degradation during their service history and heat processing stages. The aim of this chapter is to improve the tensile strength and Young’s modulus of fibres from recycled PP produced through the melt spinning and hot drawing process, and establish a relationship between mechanical properties of PP fibres with their crystallinity, crystal structure and orientation.

Shi Yin

Chapter 4. Comparative Evaluation of 100% Recycled and Virgin PP Fibre Reinforced Concretes

Abstract

This chapter assessed alkali resistance of 100% recycled PP fibre in four different alkaline solutions with pH value ranging from 12.3 to 13.5. Performance of the 100% recycled PP fibre in the different grades of concrete was then studied and compared with virgin PP fibre. Two volume percentages of fibres were chosen to reinforce 40 and 25 MPa concrete, which are the standard grades of concrete used in precast panels and concrete footpaths, respectively. Through crack mouth opening displacement (CMOD) test and round determinate panel test (RDPT), this chapter proved the industrial feasibility of using 100% recycled PP fibre to replace virgin PP fibre. After proving the feasibility of using 100% recycled PP fibre in different construction applications in this chapter, the reinforcement of newly developed various recycled PP fibres described in Chap. 3 will be studied in next chapter (Chap. 5).

Shi Yin

Chapter 5. Post-cracking Performance of Concrete Reinforced by Various Newly Developed Recycled PP Fibres

Abstract

In the previous chapter (Chap. 4), the reinforcement of 100% recycled PP fibre with line indentation was studied to ascertain the feasibility of using 100% recycled PP fibre in concrete. In this chapter, various newly developed recycled PP fibres described in Chap. 3 were used to reinforce concrete, and their performance in concrete was determined. In order to further improve fibre bonding with concrete, a new indentation of diamond shape was made on the fibre surface and compared with the commonly used line indentation. In the CMOD and RDPT tests, the diamond indents showed a better bonding with the concrete. Therefore, the diamond-indented 100% recycled PP fibre produced better post-cracking reinforcement in the concrete than that of line-indent 100% recycled PP fibre and virgin PP fibre and hence, can be used to replace steel reinforcing mesh (SRM) in concrete footpaths.

Shi Yin

Chapter 6. Environmental Benefits of Using Recycled PP Fibre Through a Life Cycle Assessment

Abstract

In order to help decision makers choose reinforcing material that causes the lowest environmental impact, it is very important to carry out a comparative impact analysis. In this chapter, the environmental impacts of using 100% recycled PP fibres were assessed by using cradle to gate life cycle assessment (LCA) based on the Australian context. The LCA results showed that industrial 100% recycled PP fibre offers significant important environmental benefits over virgin PP fibre and steel reinforcing mesh (SRM). Specifically, the industrial recycled PP fibre can save 93% of CO₂ equivalent, 97% of PO₄ equivalent, 99% of water and 91% of oil equivalent, compared to the SRM.

Shi Yin

Chapter 7. Applications of 100% Recycled PP Fibre Reinforced Concretes

Abstract

To showcase the industrial application of the 100% recycled PP fibre produced in this research, the fibre performance was tested in various real-life applications which included concrete footpaths and precast concrete pits. This Chapter describes the complete process of using recycled PP fibre to replace steel mesh in a concrete footpath, showing the efficiency of using recycled PP fibre. The drying shrinkage cracks in this real application were also assessed. The feasibility of using recycled PP fibre to replace steel mesh in the precast concrete drainage pits was also studied.

Shi Yin

Chapter 8. Conclusions and Recommendations

Abstract

This research has developed a methodology of producing macro recycled PP fibres with optimum mechanical properties for reinforcing concrete. The great potential of using these fibres in various concrete applications such as footpaths and precast concrete elements has been shown. Conclusions and recommendations are provided in this chapter. This will not only help reduce consumption of virgin materials like steel or plastic but also provides attractive avenue of recycling plastic waste.

Shi Yin

Titel: Development of Recycled Polypropylene Plastic Fibres to Reinforce Concrete
verfasst von: Shi Yin
Verlag: Springer Singapore
Electronic ISBN: 978-981-10-3719-1
Print ISBN: 978-981-10-3718-4
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3719-1

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