Lambda 1 or not? This is the question that many engineers working on mixture formation and combustion are currently asking themselves. The trends in this area are moving in different directions. On the one hand, many manufacturers and component suppliers in the field of engine development are aiming to achieve a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio of λ = 1 across almost the entire engine map in order to simplify the process of exhaust aftertreatment using three-way catalytic converters and keep particulate emissions to a minimum. On the other hand, different types of air-fuel mixtures also have their advantages. Very lean-burn operation, for example, leads to increased efficiency and a reduction in nitrogen emissions, among other things. Which approach is the most promising? …
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