H. Ulrich Hoppe
ABSTRACT
This paper investigates to what extent task-oriented user support based on plan recognition is feasible in a highly situation-driven domain like information retrieval (IR) and discusses requirements for appropriate task models. It argues that information seeking tasks which are embedded in some higher-level external task context (e.g. travel planning) often exhibit procedural dependences; that these dependences are mainly due to external task; and that they can be exploited for inferring the users' goals and plans. While there is a clear need for task models in IR to account for situational determinants of user behaviour, what is required are hybrid models that take account of both is “planned” and “situated” aspects. Empirical evidence for the points made is reported from a probabilistic analysis of retrieval sessions with a fact database and from experience with plan-based and state-based methods for user support in an experimental travel planning system
- 1.Bates, M.J. (1979). Information search tactics. Journal of the American Society for Information Science, Vol. 30, pp. 205-214.]]Google Scholar
- 2.Card, S.K., Moran, T.P., & Newell, A. (1983). The Psychology of Human-Computer Interaction. Hillsdale (NJ): Lawi'ence Erlbaum.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- 3.Desmarais, M.C., Larochelle, S., & Giroux, L. (1987). The diagnosis of user strategies. Proceedings of the 2nd IFIP Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, Stuttgart (FRG), August 1987, pp. 185-189.]]Google ScholarCross Ref
- 4.esmarais, M.C., Giroux, L., & Larochelle, S. (1991). Plan recognition in HCI: the parsing of user actions. In" Tauber, M.J. & Ackermann, D. (Eds.). Mental Models and Human-Computer Interaction 2. Amsterdam: Elsevier, pp. 291-311.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- 5.Fidel, R. (1985). Moves in online searching. Online Review, Vol. 9, pp. 61-74.]]Google ScholarCross Ref
- 6.Fischer, G.,Lemke, A., & Schwab, T. (1985). Knowledge-based help systems. Proceedings of the ACM SIG- CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, San Francisco (CA), April 1985, pp. 161-167.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- 7.Fischer, G., Lemke, A., & Mastaglio, T. (1990). Using critics to empower users. Proceedings of the ACM SIG- CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Seattle (Washington), April 1990, pp. 337-347.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- 8.Frederiksen,N., Glaser, R.,Lesgold, A., & Shafto, M.G. (Eds.) (1990). Diagnostic Monitoring of Skill and Knowledge Acquisition. I-/illsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum.]]Google Scholar
- 9.Green, T.R.G., Schiele, F., & Payne, S.J. (1988). Formalisable models of user knowledge in Human-Computer Interaction. In: van der Veer, G., Green, T.R.G., Hoc, j.-M., & Murray, D. (Eds.). Working with Computers: Theory versus Outcome. London: Academic Press.]]Google Scholar
- 10.Hecking, M. (1987). How to use plan recognition in order to improve the abilities of the intelligent help system SINIX Consultant. Proceedings of the 2nd IFIP Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, Stuttgart (FRG), August 1987, pp. 657-662.]]Google Scholar
- 11.Hoppe, H.U. (1988). Task-oriented parsing - a diagnostic method to be used by adaptive systems. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Washington D.C., May 1988, pp. 241-247.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- 12.Hoppe, H.U., Ammersbach, K., Lutes-Schaab, B., & ZinBmeister, G. (1990). EXPRESS: an experimental interface for factual Information Retrieval. Proceedings of the 13th ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, Brussels (Belgium), September 1990, pp. 63-81.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- 13.Howes, A. & Payne, S.J. (1990). Display-based competence: towards user models for menu-driven interfaces. Int. J. Man-Machine Studies, Vol. 33, pp. 637-655.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- 14.Kautz, H.A. (1991). A Formal Theory of Plan Recognition and its Implementation. In: J.A. Alien, H.A. Kautz, R.N. Pelavin & J.D. Tenenberg. Reasoning About Plans. San Mateo: Morgan Kaufmann.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- 15.Kieras, D.E: & Poison, P.G. (1985). An approach to the formal analysis of user complexity. Int. J. Man-Machine Studies, Vol. 22, pp. 365-394.]]Google ScholarCross Ref
- 16.Kobsa, A. & Wahlster, W. (Eds.) (1989). User Models in Dialog Systems. Berlin: Springer.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- 17.Larkin, J.H. (1989). Display-based problem solving. In: Klahr, D. & Kotovsky, K. (Eds.). Complex Information Processing. Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum. pp. 319-341.]]Google Scholar
- 18.McAlpine, G. & Ingwersen, P. (1989). Integrated Information Retrieval in a knowledge worker support system. Proceedings of the 12th ACM SIGIR International Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval. Cambridge (MA), June 1989, pp. 48-57.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- 19.McKendree, J. & Zaback, J. (1988). Planning for advising. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Washington D.C., May 1988, pp, 179-183.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- 20.Newell, A. (1980). Reasoning, problem solving, and decision processes: The problem space as a fundamental category. In: R. Nickerson (Ed.). Attention and Performance VIII. Hillsdale, NJ.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.]]Google Scholar
- 21.Payne, S.J. & Green, T.R.G. (1986). Task-action grammars: a model of the mental representation of task languages. Human-Computer Interaction, Vol. 2, pp. 93-133.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- 22.Poison, P.G. & Lewis, C. (1990). Theory-based design for easily learned interfaces. Human-Computer Interaction, Vol. 5, pp. 191-220.]]Google ScholarCross Ref
- 23.Schiele, F. & Hoppe, H.U. (1990). Inferring task structures from interaction protocols. Proceedings of the 3rd IFIP Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, Cambridge (UK), August 1990, pp. 567-572.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- 24.Simon, H. (1969). The Sciences of the Artificial. Cambridge (MA): MIT Press.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- 25.Suchman, L. (1987): Plans and Situated Actions. Cambridge (MA): Cambridge University Press.]]Google ScholarDigital Library
- 26.Vilain, M (1990). Getting serious about parsing plans: a grammatical analysis of plan recognition. Proceedings of the 8th National Conference on Artificial Intelligence, July 1990, Cambridge (MA), pp. 190-197.]]Google ScholarDigital Library
- 27.Zloof, M.M. (1983). The Query-by-Example concept for user-oriented business systems. In: Sime, M.E. & Coombs, M.J. (Eds.). Designing for Human-Computer Communication. London: Academic Press.]]Google Scholar
Index Terms
- Towards task models for embedded information retrieval
Recommendations
Incorporating rich features to boost information retrieval performance
Research highlights We propose a regression-based re-ranking framework that can take into account rich features for boosting information retrieval (IR) performance. A set of salient features that may affect IR performance are investigated. Extensive ...
Concept-Based Relevance Models for Medical and Semantic Information Retrieval
CIKM '15: Proceedings of the 24th ACM International on Conference on Information and Knowledge ManagementRelevance models provide an important approach for estimating probabilities of words in the relevant class. However, the associated bag-of-words assumption breaks dependencies between words, especially between those within a phrase. If such dependencies ...
Information retrieval with concept-based pseudo-relevance feedback in MEDLINE
Although using domain specific knowledge sources for information retrieval yields more accurate results compared to pure keyword-based methods, more improvements can be achieved by considering both relations between concepts in an ontology and also their ...
Comments