ABSTRACT
An important feature of the design of human-computer interfaces is that of command languages: the vocabulary and syntax that allow a user to express commands to the system. If we look at command languages from the standpoint of natural languages, rather than formal ones, then there are three aspects to their user interface. The first is the overall structure of the user-system dialogue—its pragmatics, so to speak (e.g., [3]), which includes issues of contextual reference, presuppositions, and so on. The second aspect of command languages is their syntax (e.g., [1], [4]). The important issue here is the trade-off between consistency of the syntax and its similarity to that of natural language. The third aspect of command languages is their semantics, primarily that of their commands. Most command languages are fairly small, with simple data and control structures, and so their semantics are fairly trivial. More important is the “lexical” semantics of commands and their arguments and parameters. The crucial factor here is the names given to the entities and operations in the system by the command language: if those names are not apt, performance will be impaired just as with poorly designed syntax or dialogue structure. This paper investigates the psycholinguistic aspects of this naming problem.
- 1.Barnard, P. J., Hammond, N. V., Morton, J., Long, J. B., and Clark, I.A. Consistency and compatibility in human-computer dialogue. Int. J. of Man-Machine Studies, 1981, 15, 87-134.Google ScholarCross Ref
- 2.Black, J., and Moran, T. Learning and Remembering Command Names. Proceedings of the Conference on Human Factors in Computer Systems. Gaithersburg, Maryland. March, 1982. Google ScholarDigital Library
- 3.Levin, J., and Moore, J. Dialogue games: meta-communication structures for natural language interaction. Cognitive Science. 1: 355-420. 1977.Google ScholarCross Ref
- 4.Moran, T. P. The Command Language Grammar: a representation for the user interface of interactive computer systems. Int. J. of Man-Machine Studies, 1981, 15, 3-50.Google ScholarCross Ref
- 5.Tversky, A. Features of similarity. Psychological Review. 84: 327-352. 1977.Google ScholarDigital Library
- 6.Tversky, A. Studies in similarity. in E. Rosch and B. Lloyd, eds., Cognition and Categorization. Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum. 1979.Google Scholar
Index Terms
- Evaluating the suggestiveness of command names
Recommendations
Learning and remembering command names
CHI '82: Proceedings of the 1982 Conference on Human Factors in Computing SystemsNatural language would seem to have a strong effect on users' behavior with artificial command languages for interacting with computer systems.
We can divide the potential effects of natural language on command languages into: (a) effects on the names ...
A high-level programming and command language
SIGPLAN '83: Proceedings of the 1983 ACM SIGPLAN symposium on Programming language issues in software systemsUnifying programming and command languages is a promising idea that has yet to be thoroughly exploited. Most attempts at such unification have used Lisp or traditional languages, such as Pascal. This paper describes the command and programming language ...
Comments