Drawing Conclusions Estimation

Survey results and other statistical reports are often presented in newspapers and magazines and on television news. Statistical studies show, among many varied results, what percentages of African Americans in a sample prefer “African American” to “Black” as a name for their race (26%; 1989 telephone poll taken by Yankelovich Partners, Inc., for Time/CNN); what percentage of white Americans say they do not have enough money to buy food (13%; 1989 Gallup poll); what the mean age of female gymnasts equals (12.3 years; G. E. Theintz, et al., “Evidence for a reduction of growth potential in adolescent female gymnasts,” Journal of Pediatrics, vol. 122 (1993), pp. 306–313); what percentage of their time people spend sleeping (30.9; The New York Times, Tuesday, September 6, 1995, p. C6).