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Wireless Networks
Erschienen in: Wireless Networks 4/2017

16.02.2016

EMGGR: an energy-efficient multipath grid-based geographic routing protocol for underwater wireless sensor networks

verfasst von: Faiza Al Salti, N. Alzeidi, Bassel R. Arafeh

Erschienen in: Wireless Networks | Ausgabe 4/2017

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Abstract

Routing in underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSN) is an important and a challenging activity due to the nature of acoustic channels and to the harsh environment. This paper extends our previous work [Al-Salti et al. in Proceedings of cyber-enabled distributed computing and knowledge discovery (CyberC), Shanghai, pp 331–336, 2014] that proposed a novel multipath grid-based geographical routing (MGGR) protocol for UWSNs. The extended work, EMGGR, viewed the network as logical 3D grids. Routing is performed in a grid-by-grid manner via gateways that use disjoint paths to relay data packets to the sink node. The algorithm consists of three main components: (1) a gateway election algorithm; responsible for electing gateways based on their locations and remaining energy level (2) a mechanism for updating neighboring gateways’ information; allowing sensor nodes to memorize gateways in local and neighboring cells, and (3) a packet forwarding mechanism; in charge of constructing disjoint paths from source cells to destination cells, forwarding packets to the destination and dealing with holes (i.e. cells with no gateways) in the network. The performance of EMGGR has been assessed using Aqua-Sim, which is an NS2 based simulator for UWSNs. Results show that EMGGR is an energy efficient protocol in all simulation setups used in the study. Moreover, EMGGR can also maintain good delivery ratio and end-to-end delay.
Vorheriger Artikel Mobile beacon based range free localization method for wireless sensor networks
Nächster Artikel User cooperation for enhanced throughput fairness in wireless powered communication networks

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Metadaten
Titel
EMGGR: an energy-efficient multipath grid-based geographic routing protocol for underwater wireless sensor networks
verfasst von
Faiza Al Salti
N. Alzeidi
Bassel R. Arafeh
Publikationsdatum
16.02.2016
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Wireless Networks / Ausgabe 4/2017
Print ISSN: 1022-0038
Elektronische ISSN: 1572-8196
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11276-016-1224-0

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