Top

Journal of Business and Psychology

Published in:

12-05-2021 | Original Paper

A Curvilinear Relationship Between Work Engagement and Job Performance: the Roles of Feedback-Seeking Behavior and Personal Resources

Authors: Dave Bouckenooghe, Dirk De Clercq, Saima Naseer, Fauzia Syed

Published in: Journal of Business and Psychology | Issue 2/2022

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config

AI-assisted search

Off

Abstract

Drawing from conservation of resources theory, this study examines the curvilinear relationship between employees’ work engagement and their job performance; the authors also hypothesize that employees’ feedback-seeking behavior is a pertinent boundary condition that mitigates this curvilinear relationship. Personal resources likely mediate the work engagement–job performance relationship too. Data gathered from 190 employees and their supervisors in Ukraine (study 1) and from 171 employees and their supervisors in Pakistan (study 2) reveal that although work engagement enhances job performance, the effect occurs at a declining rate as work engagement increases. Feedback-seeking behavior moderates this curvilinear relationship, so the decline in the rate at which work engagement enhances job performance is mitigated by higher levels of feedback-seeking behavior. Furthermore, after controlling for the role of feedback-seeking behavior, the curvilinear effect of work engagement on job performance is mediated by personal resources (i.e., self-efficacy, optimism, and resilience). These findings have significant implications for research and practice.

previous article Process Management Self-Efficacy: Scale Development and Validation

next article Action Regulation at the Work–Family Interface: Nomological Network and Work–Family Consequences

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Abbas, M., Raja, U., Darr, W., & Bouckenooghe, D. (2014). Combined effects of perceived politics and psychological capital on job satisfaction, turnover intentions, and performance. Journal of Management, 40(7), 1813–1830. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206312455243.CrossRef

Afzal, M., Rehman, H. U., Farooq, M. S., & Sarwar, K. (2011). Education and economic growth in Pakistan: A cointegration and causality analysis. International Journal of Educational Research, 50(5-6), 321–335. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2011.10.004.CrossRef

Anderson, J. C., & Gerbing, D. W. (1988). Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach. Psychological Bulletin, 103(3), 411–423. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.103.3.411.CrossRef

Andreassen, C. S., Griffiths, M. D., Hetland, J., & Pallesen, S. (2012). Development of a work addiction scale. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 53(3), 265–272. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9450.2012.00947.x.CrossRefPubMed

Anseel, F., Beatty, A. S., Shen, W., Lievens, F., & Sackett, P. R. (2015). How are we doing after 30 years? A meta-analytic review of the antecedents and outcomes of feedback-seeking behavior. Journal of Management, 41(1), 318–348. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206313484521.CrossRef

Ashford, S. J. (1986). Feedback-seeking in individual adaptation: A resource perspective. Academy of Management Journal, 32, 803–829.

Ashford, S. J., & Black, J. S. (1996). Proactivity during organizational entry: The role of desire for control. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81(2), 199–214. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.81.2.199.CrossRef

Ashford, S. J., & Cummings, L. L. (1983). Feedback as an individual resource: Personal strategies of creating information. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 32(3), 370–398. https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-5073(83)90156-3.CrossRef

Ashford, S. J., Blatt, R., & Walle, D. V. (2003). Reflections on the looking glass: A review of research on feedback-seeking behavior in organizations. Journal of Management, 29(6), 773–799. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0149-2063_03_00079-5.CrossRef

Aziz, S., Bellows, G., & Wuensch, K. (2020). The relationship between workaholism and negative affect: Mindfulness matters! International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-020-00249-5.

Babyak, M. A. (2004). What you see may not be what you get: A brief, nontechnical introduction to overfitting in regression-type models. Psychosomatic Medicine, 66(3), 411–421. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006842-200405000-00021.CrossRefPubMed

Bakker, A. B. (2017). Strategic and proactive approaches to work engagement. Organizational Dynamics, 46(2), 67–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgdyn.2017.04.002.CrossRef

Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2007). The job demands-resources model: State of the art. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 22(3), 309–328. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940710733115.CrossRef

Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2008). Towards a model of work engagement. Career Development International, 13(3), 209–223. https://doi.org/10.1108/13620430810870476.CrossRef

Bakker, A. B., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2008). Positive organizational behavior: Engaged employees in flourishing organizations. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 29(2), 147–154. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.515.CrossRef

Bakker, A. B., Gierveld, J. H., & Van Rijswijk, K. (2006). Success factors among female school principals in primary teaching: A study on burnout, work engagement, and performance. Right Management Consultants.

Bakker, A. B., Albrecht, S. L., & Leiter, M. P. (2011). Key questions regarding work engagement. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 20(1), 4–28. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432x.2010.485352.CrossRef

Bakker, A. B., Oerlemans, W. G. M., & Ten Brummelhuis, L. L. (2013). Becoming fully engaged in the workplace: What individuals and organizations can do to foster work engagement. In R. J. Burke & C. L. Cooper (Eds.), The fulfilling workplace: The organization’s role in achieving individual and organizational health. Burlington.

Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Sanz-Vergel, A. I. (2014). Burnout and work engagement: The JD–R approach. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 1(1), 389–411. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-031413-091235.CrossRef

Balducci, C., Alessandri, G., Zaniboni, S., Avanzi, L., Borgogni, L., & Fraccaroli, F. (2020). The impact of workaholism on day-level workload and emotional exhaustion, and on longer-term job performance. Work & Stress, 35(1), 6–26. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678373.2020.1735569.CrossRef

Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. Freeman.

Baumeister, R. F., & Vohs, K. D. (2007). Self-regulation, ego depletion, and motivation. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 1(1), 115–128. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-9004.2007.00001.x.CrossRef

Baumruk, R. (2004). The missing link: The role of employee engagement in business success. Workspan, 47, 48–52.

Beckers, D. G., van der Linden, D., Smulders, P. G., Kompier, M. A., van Veldhoven, M. J., & van Yperen, N. W. (2004). Working overtime hours: Relations with fatigue, work motivation, and the quality of work. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 46(12), 1282–1289.PubMed

Behling, O., & Law, K. S. (2000). Translating questionnaires and other research instruments: Problems and solutions. Sage Publications.

Biggs, A., Brough, P., & Barbour, J. P. (2014). Enhancing work-related attitudes and work engagement: A Quasi-experimental study of the impact of an organizational intervention. International Journal of Stress Management, 21(1), 43–68. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0034508.CrossRef

Bledow, R., Schmitt, A., Frese, M., & Kühnel, J. (2011). The affective shift model of work engagement. Journal of Applied Psychology, 96(6), 1246–1257. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0024532.CrossRef

Bommer, W. H., Johnson, J. L., Rich, G. A., Podsakoff, P. M., & Mackenzie, S. B. (1995). On the interchangeability of objective and subjective measures of employee performance: A meta-analysis. Personnel Psychology, 48(3), 587–605. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1995.tb01772.x.CrossRef

Borst, R. T., Kruyen, P. M., Lako, C. J., & de Vries, M. S. (2020). The attitudinal, behavioral, and performance outcomes of work engagement: A comparative meta-analysis across the public, semipublic, and private sector. Review of Public Personnel Administration, 40(4), 613–640. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734371x19840399.CrossRef

Boyce, C. (2014). Engaged employees: Your company’s no. 1 competitive advantage. Retrieved from https://www.huffingtonpost.com/chris-boyce/engaged-employees-your-co_b_6344230.html

Brislin, R. W. (1970). Back-translation for cross-cultural research. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 1(3), 185–216. https://doi.org/10.1177/135910457000100301.CrossRef

Bryk, A. S., & Raudenbush, S. W. (1992). Hierarchical linear models: Applications and data analysis methods. Sage Publications, Inc..

Burke, R. J., & MacDermid, G. (1999). Are workaholics job satisfied and successful in their careers? Career Development International, 4(5), 277–282. https://doi.org/10.1108/13620439910279761.CrossRef

Burke, R. J., & Matthiesen, S. (2004). Workaholism among Norwegian journalists: Antecedents and consequences. Stress and Health, 20(5), 301–308. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.1025.CrossRef

Burke, R. J., Burgess, Z., & Oberklaid, F. (2002). Workaholism job and career satisfaction among Australian psychologists. International Journal of Management Literature, 2, 93–103.

Byrne, Z. S. (2014). Understanding employee engagement: Theory, research, and practice. Routledge.

Cameron, K. S., Dutton, J. E., Quinn, R. E., & Wrzesniewski, A. (2003). Developing a discipline of positive organizational scholarship. In K. S. Cameron, J. E. Dutton, & R. E. Quinn (Eds.), Positive organizational scholarship (pp. 361–370). Berrett-Koehler.

Carse, T., Griffin, B., & Lyons, M. (2017). The dark side of engagement for older workers. Journal of Personnel Psychology, 16(4), 161–171. https://doi.org/10.1027/1866-5888/a000173.CrossRef

Carver, C. S., & Scheier, M. F. (2002). Optimism. In C. R. Snyder & S. J. Lopez (Eds.), Handbook of positive psychology (pp. 231–245). Oxford University Press.

Chen, Z., Lam, W., & Zhong, J. A. (2007). Leader-member exchange and member performance: A new look at individual-level negative feedback-seeking behavior and team-level empowerment climate. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(1), 202–212. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.92.1.202.CrossRef

Christian, M. S., Garza, A. S., & Slaughter, J. E. (2011). Work engagement: A quantitative review and test of its relations with task and contextual performance. Personnel Psychology, 64(1), 89–136. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2010.01203.x.CrossRef

Cortina, J. M. (1993). Interaction, nonlinearity, and multicollinearity: Implications for multiple regression. Journal of Management, 19(4), 915–922. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639301900411.CrossRef

de Bruin, G. P., & Henn, C. M. (2013). Dimensionality of the 9-item Utrecht work engagement scale (UWES-9). Psychological Reports, 112(3), 788–799. https://doi.org/10.2466/01.03.pr0.112.3.788-799.CrossRefPubMed

de Stobbeleir, K. E. M., Ashford, S. J., & Buyens, D. (2011). Self-regulation of creativity at work: The role of feedback-seeking behavior in creative performance. Academy of Management Journal, 54(4), 811–831. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2011.64870144.CrossRef

Di Stefano, G., & Gaudiino, M. (2019). Workaholism and work engagement: How are they similar? How are they different? A systematic review and meta-analysis. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 28(3), 329–347. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432x.2019.1590337.CrossRef

Eisenberger, R., Huntington, R., Hutchison, S., & Sowa, D. (1986). Perceived organizational support. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71(3), 500–507. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.71.3.500.CrossRef

George, J. M. (2011). The wider context, costs, and benefits of work engagement. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 20(1), 53–59. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432x.2010.509924.CrossRef

Geurts, S. A. E., & Demerouti, E. (2003). Work/non-work interface: A review of theories and findings. In M. Schabracq, J. Winnubst, & C. L. Cooper (Eds.), The handbook of work and health psychology (pp. 279–312). Wiley.

Gorgievski, M. J., Antonio Moriano, J., & Bakker, A. B. (2014). Relating work engagement and workaholism to entrepreneurial performance. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 29(2), 106–121. https://doi.org/10.1108/jmp-06-2012-0169.CrossRef

Grant, A. M., & Schwartz, B. (2011). Too much of a good thing: The challenge and opportunity of the inverted U. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 6(1), 61–76. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691610393523.CrossRefPubMed

Grigoriev, L. M., Buryak, E. V., & Golyashev, A. V. (2016). The transition of Ukraine’s economy: A second start? Problems of Economic Transition, 58(3), 256–283. https://doi.org/10.1080/10611991.2016.1200394.CrossRef

Halbesleben, J. R. B., Harvey, J., & Bolino, M. C. (2009). Too engaged? A conservation of resources view of the relationship between work engagement and work interference with family. Journal of Applied Psychology, 94(6), 1452–1465. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0017595.CrossRef

Hambleton, R. K., & de Jong, J. H. A. L. (2003). Advances in translating and adapting educational and psychological tests. Language Testing, 20(2), 127–134. https://doi.org/10.1191/0265532203lt247xx.CrossRef

Hambleton, R. K., & Patsula, L. (1998). Adapting tests for use in multiple languages and cultures. Social Indicators Research, 45(1), 153–171. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006941729637.CrossRef

Harter, J. K., Schmidt, F. L., & Hayes, T. L. (2002). Business-unit-level relationship between employee satisfaction, employee engagement, and business outcomes: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(2), 268–279. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.87.2.268.CrossRef

Hayes, A. F., & Preacher, K. J. (2010). Quantifying and testing indirect effects in simple mediation models when the constituent paths are nonlinear. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 45(4), 627–660. https://doi.org/10.1080/00273171.2010.498290.CrossRefPubMed

Hobfoll, S. E. (1989). Conservation of resources: A new attempt at conceptualizing stress. American Psychologist, 44(3), 513–524. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.44.3.513.CrossRef

Hobfoll, S. E. (2002). Social and psychological resources and adaptation. Review of General Psychology, 6(4), 307–324. https://doi.org/10.1037/1089-2680.6.4.307.CrossRef

Hobfoll, S. E., & Shirom, A. (2001). Conservation of resources theory. In R. Golembiewski (Ed.), Handbook of organizational behavior (pp. 57–80). Dekker.

Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture’s recent consequences: Using dimension scores in theory and research. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 1(1), 11–17. https://doi.org/10.1177/147059580111002.CrossRef

Igbaria, M., & Baroudi, J. J. (1995). The impact of job performance evaluations on career advancement prospects: An examination of gender differences in the IS workplace. MIS Quarterly, 19(1), 107–123. https://doi.org/10.2307/249713.CrossRef

Janssen, O. (2001). Fairness perceptions as a moderator in the curvilinear relationships between job demands, and job performance and job satisfaction. Academy of Management Journal, 44(5), 1039–1050. https://doi.org/10.2307/3069447.CrossRef

Jha, N., Potnuru, R. K. G., Sareen, P., & Shaju, S. (2019). Employee voice, engagement and organizational effectiveness: A mediated model. European Journal of Training and Development, 43(7/8), 699–718. https://doi.org/10.1108/ejtd-10-2018-0097.CrossRef

Kahn, W. A. (1990). Psychological conditions of personal engagement and disengagement at work. Academy of Management Journal, 33(4), 692–724. https://doi.org/10.5465/256287.CrossRef

Kahn, W. A. (1992). To be fully there: Psychological presence at work. Human Relations, 45(4), 321–349. https://doi.org/10.1177/001872679204500402.CrossRef

Keyko, K., Cummings, G. G., Yonge, O., & Wong, C. A. (2016). Work engagement in professional nursing practice: A systematic review. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 61, 142–164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2016.06.003.CrossRefPubMed

Kim, W., Kolb, J. A., & Kim, T. (2013). The relationship between work engagement and performance: A review of empirical literature and proposed research agenda. Human Resource Development Review, 12(3), 248–276. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534484312461635.CrossRef

Korunka, C., Kubicek, B., Schaufeli, W. B., & Hoonakker, P. (2009). Work engagement and burnout: Testing the robustness of the job demands-resources model. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 4(3), 243–255. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760902879976.CrossRef

Kousar, R., Rais, S. I., Mansoor, A., Zaman, K., Shah, S. T. H., & Ejaz, S. (2019). The impact of foreign remittances and financial development on poverty and income inequality in Pakistan: Evidence from ARDL - bounds testing approach. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 6(1), 71–81. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2019.vol6.no1.71.CrossRef

Kupets, O. (2016). Education-job mismatch in Ukraine: Too many people with tertiary education or too many jobs for low-skilled? Journal of Comparative Economics, 44(1), 125–147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jce.2015.10.005.CrossRef

Lee, J. Y., & Lee, Y. (2018). Job crafting and performance: Literature review and implications for human resource development. Human Resource Development Review, 17(3), 277–313. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534484318788269.CrossRef

Libanova, E. (2010). What kind of crisis is Ukraine passing through at the beginning of the third millennium? Problems of Economic Transition, 53(2), 3–23. https://doi.org/10.2753/pet1061-1991530201.CrossRef

Luthans, F. (2002). Positive organizational behavior: Developing and managing psychological strengths. Academy of Management Perspectives, 16(1), 57–72. https://doi.org/10.5465/ame.2002.6640181.CrossRef

Luthans, F., Youssef, C. M., & Avolio, B. J. (2007). Psychological capital. Oxford University Press.

Maslach, C. (2011). Engagement research: Some thoughts from a burnout perspective. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 20(1), 47–52. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432x.2010.537034.CrossRef

McEvoy, G. M., & Cascio, W. F. (1989). Cumulative evidence of the relationship between employee age and job performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 74(1), 11–17. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.74.1.11.CrossRef

Meijman, T. F., & Mulder, G. (1998). Psychological aspects of workload. In P. J. D. Drenth & H. Thierry (Eds.), Handbook of work and organizational psychology: Vol.2. Work psychology (pp. 5-33): Psychology Press.

Meo, M. S., Kumar, B., Chughtai, S., Khan, V. J., Dost, M. K. B., & Nisar, Q. A. (2020). Impact of unemployment and governance on poverty in Pakistan: A fresh insight from non-linear ARDL co-integration approach. Global Business Review. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972150920920440

Mitra, P., Selowski, M., & Zalduendo, J. (2009). Turmoil at twenty: Recession, recovery and reform in Central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. The World Bank.

Morrison, E. W., & Bies, R. J. (1991). Impression management in the feedback-seeking process: A literature review and research agenda. The Academy of Management Review, 16(3), 522–541. https://doi.org/10.2307/258916.CrossRef

Muraven, M., & Baumeister, R. F. (2000). Self-regulation and depletion of limited resources: Does self-control resemble a muscle? Psychological Bulletin, 126(2), 247–259. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.126.2.247.CrossRefPubMed

Ng, T. W. H., & Feldman, D. C. (2008). The relationship of age to ten dimensions of job performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(2), 392–423. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.93.2.392.CrossRef

Northcraft, G. B., & Ashford, S. J. (1990). The preservation of self in everyday life: The effects of performance expectations and feedback context on feedback inquiry. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 47(1), 42–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(90)90046-c.CrossRef

Orth, M., & Volmer, J. (2017). Daily within-person effects of job autonomy and work engagement on innovative behaviour: The cross-level moderating role of creative self-efficacy. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 26(4), 601–612. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432x.2017.1332042.CrossRef

Parker, S. K. (1998). Enhancing role breadth self-efficacy: The roles of job enrichment and other organizational interventions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 83(6), 835–852. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.83.6.835.CrossRef

Parker, S. K., & Griffin, M. A. (2011). Understanding active psychological states: Embedding engagement in a wider nomological net and closer attention to performance. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 20(1), 60–67. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432x.2010.532869.CrossRef

Pierce, J. R., & Aguinis, H. (2013). The too-much-of-a-good-thing effect in management. Journal of Management, 39(2), 313–338. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206311410060.CrossRef

Raja, U., Javed, Y., & Abbas, M. (2018). A time lagged study of burnout as a mediator in the relationship between workplace bullying and work–family conflict. International Journal of Stress Management, 25(4), 377–390. https://doi.org/10.1037/str0000080.CrossRef

Raja, U., Azeem, M. U., Haq, I. U., & Naseer, S. (2020). Perceived threat of terrorism and employee outcomes: The moderating role of negative affectivity and psychological capital. Journal of Business Research, 110, 316–326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.01.026.CrossRef

Rich, B. L., Lepine, J. A., & Crawford, E. R. (2010). Job engagement: Antecedents and effects on job performance. Academy of Management Journal, 53(3), 617–635. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2010.51468988.CrossRef

Rothbard, N. P., & Patil, S. V. (2010). Being there: Work engagement and positive organizational scholarship. In G. Spreitzer & K. Cameron (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of positive organizational scholarship (pp. 56–69). Oxford University Press.

Saks, A. M. (2006). Antecedents and consequences of employee engagement. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 21(7), 600–619. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940610690169.CrossRef

Salanova, M., Agut, S., & Peiró, J. M. (2005). Linking organizational resources and work engagement to employee performance and customer loyalty: The mediation of service climate. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(6), 1217–1227. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.90.6.1217.CrossRef

Schaufeli, W. B., & Bakker, A. B. (2010). Defining and measuring work engagement: Bringing clarity to the concept. In A. B. Bakker & M. P. Leiter (Eds.), Work engagement: A handbook of essential theory and research (pp. 10–24). Psychology Press.

Schaufeli, W. B., & Salanova, M. (2007). Work engagement: An emerging psychological concept and its implications for organizations. In S. Gilliland, D. Steiner, & D. Skarlicki (Eds.), Research in social issues in management (pp. 135–177). Information Age.

Schaufeli, W. B., Martínez, I. M., Pinto, A. M., Salanova, M., & Bakker, A. B. (2002). Burnout and engagement in university students: A cross-national study. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 33(5), 464–481. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022102033005003.CrossRef

Schaufeli, W. B., Bakker, A. B., & Salanova, M. (2006a). The measurement of work engagement with a short questionnaire: A cross-national study. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 66(4), 701–716. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164405282471.CrossRef

Schaufeli, W. B., Taris, T. W., & Bakker, A. B. (2006b). Dr. Jeckyll or Mr. Hyde: On the differences between work engagement and workaholism. In R. J. Burke (Ed.), Research companion to working time and work addiction (pp. 193–217). Edward Elgar.

Schaufeli, W. B., Bakker, A. B., & Van Rhenen, W. (2009). How changes in job demands and resources predict burnout, work engagement, and sickness absenteeism. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 30(7), 893–917. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.595.CrossRef

Scheier, M. F., & Carver, C. S. (1985). Optimism, coping, and health: Assessment and implications of generalized outcome expectancies. Health Psychology, 4(3), 219–247. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-6133.4.3.219.CrossRefPubMed

Shimazu, A., Schaufeli, W. B., Kubota, K., Watanabe, K., & Kawakami, N. (2018). Is too much work engagement detrimental? Linear or curvilinear effects on mental health and job performance. PLoS One, 13(12), e0208684. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0208684.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Sonnentag, S. (2003). Recovery, work engagement, and proactive behavior: A new look at the interface between nonwork and work. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(3), 518–528. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.3.518.CrossRef

Sonnentag, S. (2011). Research on work engagement is well and alive. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 20(1), 29–38. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432x.2010.510639.CrossRef

Sonnentag, S., Mojza, E. J., Demerouti, E., & Bakker, A. B. (2012). Reciprocal relations between recovery and work engagement: The moderating role of job stressors. Journal of Applied Psychology, 97(4), 842–853. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0028292.CrossRef

Spence, J. T., & Robbins, A. S. (1992). Workaholism: Definition, measurement, and preliminary results. Journal of Personality Assessment, 58(1), 160–178. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa5801_15.CrossRefPubMed

Spreitzer, G. M., & Cameron, K. S. (2012). A path forward: Assessing progress and exploring core questions for the future of positive organizational scholarship. In G. M. Spreitzer & K. S. Cameron (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of positive organizational scholarship (pp. 1034–1048). Oxford University Press.

Stajkovic, A. D., & Luthans, F. (1998). Self-efficacy and work-related performance: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 124(2), 240–261. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.124.2.240.CrossRef

Sussman, S., Lisha, N., & Griffiths, M. (2011). Prevalence of the addictions: A problem of the majority or the minority? Evaluation & The Health Professions, 34(1), 3–56. https://doi.org/10.1177/0163278710380124.CrossRef

Sweetman, D., & Luthans, F. (2010). The power of positive psychology: Psychological capital and work engagement. In A. B. Bakker & M. P. Leiter (Eds.), Work engagement: A handbook of essential theory and research (pp. 54–68). Psychology Press.

Van den Heuvel, M., Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2010). Personal resources and work engagement in the face of change. In J. Houdmont & S. Leka (Eds.), Contemporary occupational health psychology: Global perspectives on research and practice, volume 1 (pp. 124–150). John Wiley & Sons Ltd..

Van Gordon, W., Shonin, E., Zangeneh, M., & Griffiths, M. D. (2014). Work-related mental health and job performance: Can mindfulness help? International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 12, 129–137. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-014-9484-3.CrossRef

Van Wingerden, J., Derks, D., & Bakker, A. B. (2017). The impact of personal resources and job crafting interventions on work engagement and performance. Human Resource Management, 56(1), 51–67. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.21758.CrossRef

Vancouver, J. B., Thompson, C. M., & Williams, A. A. (2001). The changing signs in the relationships among self-efficacy, personal goals, and performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(4), 605–620. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.86.4.605.CrossRef

Vancouver, J. B., Thompson, C. M., Tischner, E. C., & Putka, D. J. (2002). Two studies examining the negative effect of self-efficacy on performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(3), 506–516. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.87.3.506.CrossRef

Viswesvaran, C., Schmidt, F. L., & Ones, D. S. (2002). The moderating influence of job performance dimensions on convergence of supervisory and peer ratings of job performance: Unconfounding construct-level convergence and rating difficulty. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(2), 345–354. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.87.2.345.CrossRef

Wagnild, G. M., & Young, H. M. (1993). Development and psychometric evaluation of the Resilience Scale. Journal of Nursing Measurement, 1(2), 165–178.PubMed

Wang, P. (2020). Reconsidering the costs and benefits of work engagement on work–Family interaction and turnover intention: The antecedents and outcomes. Community, Work & Family, 23(2), 224–246. https://doi.org/10.1080/13668803.2018.1492906.CrossRef

Wang, H. J., Lu, C. Q., & Siu, O. L. (2015). Job insecurity and job performance: The moderating role of organizational justice and the mediating role of work engagement. Journal of Applied Psychology, 100(4), 1249–1258. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0038330.CrossRef

Wang, H. J., Demerouti, E., & Bakker, A. B. (2016). A review of job crafting research: The role of leader behaviors in cultivating successful job crafters. In S. K. Parker & U. K. Bindl (Eds.), Proactivity at work (pp. 77–104). Routledge.

Williams, L. J., & Anderson, S. E. (1991). Job satisfaction and organizational commitment as predictors of organizational citizenship and in-role behaviors. Journal of Management, 17(3), 601–617. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700305.CrossRef

Xanthopoulou, D., Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2009). Reciprocal relationships between job resources, personal resources, and work engagement. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 74(3), 235–244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2008.11.003.CrossRef

Title: A Curvilinear Relationship Between Work Engagement and Job Performance: the Roles of Feedback-Seeking Behavior and Personal Resources
Authors: Dave Bouckenooghe
Dirk De Clercq
Saima Naseer
Fauzia Syed
Publication date: 12-05-2021
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Journal of Business and Psychology / Issue 2/2022
Print ISSN: 0889-3268
Electronic ISSN: 1573-353X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-021-09750-7

Springer Professional

Abstract

Please log in to get access to your license.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Other articles of this Issue 2/2022

Subtle Discrimination Overtakes Cognitive Resources and Undermines Performance

Action Regulation at the Work–Family Interface: Nomological Network and Work–Family Consequences

Revisiting Reciprocity: How Accountability, Proactivity, and Interpersonal Skills Shape Obligations to Reciprocate Citizenship Behavior

Leader Network Centrality and Team Performance: Team Size as Moderator and Collaboration as Mediator

Disruptions and General Distress for Essential and Nonessential Employees During the COVID-19 Pandemic

When Reflection Hinders Creative Problem-Solving: a Test of Alternative Reflection Strategies