A High Gain Switched Beamforming Antenna Array with Hemispherical Lens for Ka-Band 5G Applications

The article delves into the design and implementation of a high-gain switched beamforming antenna array for Ka-band 5G applications, addressing the challenges posed by mm-wave frequencies. The study introduces a novel approach by integrating a hemispherical lens with a Chebyshev-synthesized antenna array fed by a Butler matrix. This combination aims to mitigate the high path loss and atmospheric attenuation inherent in mm-wave communication, significantly enhancing antenna gain and directivity. The design process is meticulously detailed, including the optimization of the antenna array using Chebyshev amplitude distribution to suppress side lobes and improve radiation patterns. The integration of a hemispherical lens further boosts the antenna's gain, demonstrating a substantial improvement in performance. Experimental results validate the multiband operation and wide bandwidth of the antenna array, meeting the stringent requirements for 5G mm-wave communications. The article concludes with a comparison to existing designs, highlighting the superior gain and beam scanning capabilities of the proposed solution.