14. A Meta Sensor-Based Autonomous Vehicle Safety System for Collision Avoidance Using Li-Fi Technology

The primary objective of an autonomous vehicle (AV) is to provide a safe and driverless vehicle experience on the road. To accomplish collision free journey, an AV collects data from external entities such as camera, Lidar, radar, etc. and passes this data to a safety algorithm. This algorithm detects and monitors the steering, acceleration, and braking behavior of the vehicle. This can be a very dangerous situation if these internal components which control the behavior of AV fail to accept the instructions. Moreover, if there is a collision on the road, the AV must communicate and transfer data (position, direction, speed, alerts, etc.) with other AVs. There is a need to detect any type of failure in the AV in advance to ensure safety of all the users of the road. This chapter proposes a collision avoidance system for AVs. The proposed system introduces the concept of Meta Sensor in the AVs with fast communication technology Li-Fi to forward the message to leading vehicle (LV) to avoid collision. The aim is to detect the internal sensors behavior in advance with the use of Meta Sensor to avoid collisions. As soon, the failure of any internal sensor is detected, other AVs are immediately informed through exchange of messages and Li-Fi Technology. Emulation using NetLogo shows that in case of a sensor failure, an accident situation is avoided in minimum amount of time.