A multi-objective economic emission dispatch problem in microgrid with high penetration of renewable energy sources using equilibrium optimizer

The article addresses the increasing demand for energy and the challenges associated with integrating renewable energy sources into power systems. It introduces the Equilibrium Optimizer (EO) as a powerful tool for solving the multi-objective economic emission dispatch (EED) problem in microgrids. The EO method is inspired by physical laws and combines exploration and exploitation phases to find optimal solutions efficiently. The study highlights the effectiveness of EO in reducing fuel costs and emissions while considering various system constraints, such as power balance, transmission losses, and generator operating limits. The article presents a detailed mathematical formulation of the EED problem, including objective functions and constraints, and demonstrates the superior performance of the EO approach through extensive simulations and comparisons with other optimization methods. The results show that the EO method outperforms existing techniques in terms of both performance and efficiency, making it a promising solution for optimizing EED problems in microgrids with high renewable energy penetration.