A novel distributed zero bus model for optimal sizing and siting of distributed generators in an active distribution network

The integration of distributed generators (DGs) into distribution networks has the potential to decrease network power losses, provided that DGs of suitable capacity are strategically positioned. In this regard, this paper proposes an optimal combination of a novel analytical and meta-heuristic method for the appropriate placement and sizing of dispatchable and renewable generators in an active distribution network with a preset power exchange contract with the main grid. A fuzzy framework embedded in a mixed-discrete grey wolf optimizer is adopted to find the accurate locations and capacities of renewable DGs, whereas a novel distributed zero bus technique is orchestrated to get the proper sizes of the required number of dispatchable biomass generators simultaneously. The proposed planning problem takes care of the intermittent attributes of renewable sources using the worst-case realization approach. The trade-off among multi-objectives, such as reduction in active power loss, improvement in node voltage profile, and curtailment in annualized DG costs, is achieved using fuzzy max-min composition. The economic viability of the obtained solutions is evaluated by a cost-benefit analysis. The efficacy of the suggested strategy is tested on a 69-bus distribution network. Additionally, the outcomes are compared with the already existing solutions in the literature.