A novel quantum identity authentication protocol without entanglement and preserving pre-shared key information

Classical authentication schemes are in treat due to current developments in quantum computing. A new quantum authentication protocol designed based on quantum secure direct communication using single photon is proposed in the paper. It can assist verification of the legitimate user identity without revealing the pre-shared key used in the encryption of secure message through one time pad. In the existing protocol, frequent involvement of Eve during trusted identification obtains important information about the pre-shared key. A random Authentication keys and decoy states were used in checking the presence of Eve by a trusted party in two communication channels. The concept of phase kickback helps in revealing the identification the adversary involvement during authentication key verification by CNOT attack. The security of the proposed protocol analyzed was under impersonates attack, intercept measure-resend attack, and entangle measure attacks. The proposed protocol does not require quantum memory or any other entangles sources; therefore, it is feasible for the implementation of with current technology.