Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Cluster Computing 1/2019

20-12-2017

A performance comparison of linux containers and virtual machines using Docker and KVM

Authors: MinSu Chae, HwaMin Lee, Kiyeol Lee

Published in: Cluster Computing | Special Issue 1/2019

Log in

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Virtualization is a foundational element of cloud computing. Since cloud computing is slower than a native system, this study analyzes ways to improve performance. We compared the performance of Docker and Kernel-based virtual machine (KVM). KVM uses full virtualization, including \(\times \)86 hardware virtualization extensions. Docker is a solution provided by isolation in userspace instead of creating a virtual machine. The performance of KVM and Docker was compared in three ways. These comparisons show that Docker is faster than KVM.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literature
1.
go back to reference Armbrust, M., Fox, A., Griffith, R., Joseph, A.D., Katz, R., Konwinski, A., Zaharia, M.: A view of cloud computing. Commun. ACM 53(4), 50–58 (2010)CrossRef Armbrust, M., Fox, A., Griffith, R., Joseph, A.D., Katz, R., Konwinski, A., Zaharia, M.: A view of cloud computing. Commun. ACM 53(4), 50–58 (2010)CrossRef
2.
go back to reference Joy, A.M.: Performance comparison between linux containers and virtual machines. In: 2015 International Conference on Advances in Computer Engineering and Applications (ICACEA), pp. 342–346. IEEE (2015) Joy, A.M.: Performance comparison between linux containers and virtual machines. In: 2015 International Conference on Advances in Computer Engineering and Applications (ICACEA), pp. 342–346. IEEE (2015)
3.
go back to reference Elsayed, A., & Abdelbaki, N.: Performance evaluation and comparison of the top market virtualization hypervisors. In: 2013 8th International Conference on Computer Engineering & Systems (ICCES), pp. 45–50. IEEE (2013) Elsayed, A., & Abdelbaki, N.: Performance evaluation and comparison of the top market virtualization hypervisors. In: 2013 8th International Conference on Computer Engineering & Systems (ICCES), pp. 45–50. IEEE (2013)
4.
go back to reference Varrette, S., Guzek, M., Plugaru, V., Besseron, X., & Bouvry, P.: HPC performance and energy-efficiency of Xen, KVM and Vmware hypervisors. In: 2013 25th International Symposium on Computer Architecture and High Performance Computing (SBAC-PAD), pp. 89–96. IEEE (2013) Varrette, S., Guzek, M., Plugaru, V., Besseron, X., & Bouvry, P.: HPC performance and energy-efficiency of Xen, KVM and Vmware hypervisors. In: 2013 25th International Symposium on Computer Architecture and High Performance Computing (SBAC-PAD), pp. 89–96. IEEE (2013)
5.
go back to reference Lee, H.M., Jeong, Y.S., Jang, H.J.: Performance analysis based resource allocation for green cloud computing. J. Supercomput. 69(3), 1013–1026 (2014)CrossRef Lee, H.M., Jeong, Y.S., Jang, H.J.: Performance analysis based resource allocation for green cloud computing. J. Supercomput. 69(3), 1013–1026 (2014)CrossRef
6.
go back to reference Bernstein, D.: Containers and cloud: from LXC to docker to kubernetes. IEEE Cloud Comput. 1(3), 81–84 (2014)CrossRef Bernstein, D.: Containers and cloud: from LXC to docker to kubernetes. IEEE Cloud Comput. 1(3), 81–84 (2014)CrossRef
7.
go back to reference Felter, W., Ferreira, A., Rajamony, R., & Rubio, J.: An updated performance comparison of virtual machines and linux containers. In: 2015 IEEE International Symposium on Performance Analysis of Systems and Software (ISPASS), pp. 171–172. IEEE (2015) Felter, W., Ferreira, A., Rajamony, R., & Rubio, J.: An updated performance comparison of virtual machines and linux containers. In: 2015 IEEE International Symposium on Performance Analysis of Systems and Software (ISPASS), pp. 171–172. IEEE (2015)
9.
go back to reference Seo, K.T., Hwang, H.S., Moon, I.Y., Kwon, O.Y., Kim, B.J.: Performance comparison analysis of linux container and virtual machine for building cloud. Adv. Sci. Technol. Lett. 66(105–111), 2 (2014) Seo, K.T., Hwang, H.S., Moon, I.Y., Kwon, O.Y., Kim, B.J.: Performance comparison analysis of linux container and virtual machine for building cloud. Adv. Sci. Technol. Lett. 66(105–111), 2 (2014)
10.
go back to reference Morabito, R., Kjällman, J., & Komu, M.: Hypervisors vs. lightweight virtualization: a performance comparison. In: 2015 IEEE International Conference on Cloud Engineering (IC2E), pp. 386–393. IEEE (2015) Morabito, R., Kjällman, J., & Komu, M.: Hypervisors vs. lightweight virtualization: a performance comparison. In: 2015 IEEE International Conference on Cloud Engineering (IC2E), pp. 386–393. IEEE (2015)
11.
go back to reference Raho, M., Spyridakis, A., Paolino, M., & Raho, D.: Kvm, xen and docker: a performance analysis for arm based nfv and cloud computing. In: 2015 IEEE 3rd Workshop on Advances in Information, Electronic and Electrical Engineering (AIEEE), pp. 1–8. IEEE (2015) Raho, M., Spyridakis, A., Paolino, M., & Raho, D.: Kvm, xen and docker: a performance analysis for arm based nfv and cloud computing. In: 2015 IEEE 3rd Workshop on Advances in Information, Electronic and Electrical Engineering (AIEEE), pp. 1–8. IEEE (2015)
12.
go back to reference Kozhirbayev, Z., Sinnott, R.O.: A performance comparison of container-based technologies for the cloud. Future Gener. Comput. Syst. 68, 175–182 (2017)CrossRef Kozhirbayev, Z., Sinnott, R.O.: A performance comparison of container-based technologies for the cloud. Future Gener. Comput. Syst. 68, 175–182 (2017)CrossRef
13.
go back to reference Merkel, D.: Docker: lightweight linux containers for consistent development and deployment. Linux J. 2014(239), 2 (2014) Merkel, D.: Docker: lightweight linux containers for consistent development and deployment. Linux J. 2014(239), 2 (2014)
14.
go back to reference VMware.: A performance comparison of hypervisors VMware. White Pap. Feb. 1, 1–22 (2007) VMware.: A performance comparison of hypervisors VMware. White Pap. Feb. 1, 1–22 (2007)
15.
go back to reference Morabito, R.: A Performance Evaluation of Container Technologies on Internet of Things Devices. In: 2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Communications Workshops (INFOCOM WKSHPS), pp. 999–1000. IEEE (2016) Morabito, R.: A Performance Evaluation of Container Technologies on Internet of Things Devices. In: 2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Communications Workshops (INFOCOM WKSHPS), pp. 999–1000. IEEE (2016)
16.
go back to reference Barham, P., Dragovic, B., Fraser, K., Hand, S., Harris, T., Ho, A., ... & Warfield, A.: Xen and the art of virtualization. ACM SIGOPS Oper. Syst. Rev. 37(5), 164–177 (2003) Barham, P., Dragovic, B., Fraser, K., Hand, S., Harris, T., Ho, A., ... & Warfield, A.: Xen and the art of virtualization. ACM SIGOPS Oper. Syst. Rev. 37(5), 164–177 (2003)
17.
go back to reference Chowdhury, N.M.K., Boutaba, R.: A survey of network virtualization. Comput. Netw. 54(5), 862–876 (2010)CrossRefMATH Chowdhury, N.M.K., Boutaba, R.: A survey of network virtualization. Comput. Netw. 54(5), 862–876 (2010)CrossRefMATH
18.
go back to reference García-Valls, M., Cucinotta, T., Lu, C.: Challenges in real-time virtualization and predictable cloud computing. J. Syst. Arch. 60(9), 726–740 (2014)CrossRef García-Valls, M., Cucinotta, T., Lu, C.: Challenges in real-time virtualization and predictable cloud computing. J. Syst. Arch. 60(9), 726–740 (2014)CrossRef
19.
go back to reference Fink, J.: Docker: a software as a service, operating system-level virtualization framework. Code4Lib J. 25, 31 (2014) Fink, J.: Docker: a software as a service, operating system-level virtualization framework. Code4Lib J. 25, 31 (2014)
20.
go back to reference Kivity, A., Kamay, Y., Laor, D., Lublin, U., & Liguori, A.: Kvm: the Linux virtual machine monitor. In: Proceedings of the Linux symposium, vol. 1, pp. 225–230 (2007) Kivity, A., Kamay, Y., Laor, D., Lublin, U., & Liguori, A.: Kvm: the Linux virtual machine monitor. In: Proceedings of the Linux symposium, vol. 1, pp. 225–230 (2007)
21.
go back to reference Zhang, B., Wang, X., Lai, R., Yang, L., Wang, Z., Luo, Y., & Li, X.: Evaluating and optimizing I/O virtualization in kernel-based virtual machine (KVM). In: IFIP International Conference on Network and Parallel Computing, pp. 220–231. Springer, Berlin (2010) Zhang, B., Wang, X., Lai, R., Yang, L., Wang, Z., Luo, Y., & Li, X.: Evaluating and optimizing I/O virtualization in kernel-based virtual machine (KVM). In: IFIP International Conference on Network and Parallel Computing, pp. 220–231. Springer, Berlin (2010)
22.
go back to reference Dua, R., Raja, A.R., & Kakadia, D.: Virtualization vs containerization to support PaaS. In: 2014 IEEE International Conference on Cloud Engineering (IC2E), pp. 610–614. IEEE (2014) Dua, R., Raja, A.R., & Kakadia, D.: Virtualization vs containerization to support PaaS. In: 2014 IEEE International Conference on Cloud Engineering (IC2E), pp. 610–614. IEEE (2014)
Metadata
Title
A performance comparison of linux containers and virtual machines using Docker and KVM
Authors
MinSu Chae
HwaMin Lee
Kiyeol Lee
Publication date
20-12-2017
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Cluster Computing / Issue Special Issue 1/2019
Print ISSN: 1386-7857
Electronic ISSN: 1573-7543
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10586-017-1511-2

Other articles of this Special Issue 1/2019

Cluster Computing 1/2019 Go to the issue

Premium Partner