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Published in:
2016 | OriginalPaper | Chapter
A Review of Two Phase Flow Modeling and Its Applicability to the Bayer Process
Authors : Alessio Scarsella, Hans-Werner Schmidt
Published in: Light Metals 2014
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
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The premature failure of interconnecting flash tank piping in the Bayer Process costs the industry millions each year in replacement of materials and downtime of process equipment. The underlying driving force of the recuperative heating unit of a digester is that slurry at saturation conditions is counter currently de-pressurized and cooled along the saturation curve by means of stage wise flash evaporation. The movement of a near boiling slurry between flash tanks requires careful consideration as vapour forms whilst the slurry slowly de-pressurizes due to in pipe frictional losses and net changes in momentum energy as the fluid pressure falls below the vapour pressure. The failure to interpret the specific points at which large rises in pipe velocity due to a change in phase can result in mis-interpretations in design which in turn result in accelerated pipe erosion and eventual rupture with implications to operations, health and safety.