A Risk Assessment Model for the Impact of Insufficient Inertia on New Power Systems

This chapter delves into the critical issue of insufficient inertia in new power systems, particularly those integrating clean energy sources like photovoltaic and wind power. It highlights the vulnerabilities and risks posed by low inertia, such as increased susceptibility to grid failures and instability, as exemplified by recent power outages in Australia and the United Kingdom. The chapter introduces a novel risk assessment model that employs the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and cloud models to evaluate the impact of insufficient inertia on grid risk. It establishes a comprehensive evaluation index system, considering factors from the power generation, load, and energy storage sides. The model is applied to a provincial power grid in North China, demonstrating significant risks associated with low inertia. Based on the evaluation results, the chapter provides actionable suggestions for mitigating these risks, including optimizing inverter control methods, leveraging dispatchable loads, and utilizing energy storage systems for inertia support. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of addressing inertia issues to ensure the stability and reliability of new energy systems, crucial for achieving carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals.