A Smart Coordination System Integrates MCS to Minimize EV Trip Duration and Manage the EV Charging, Mainly at Peak Times

The fixed public charging stations (FCS) network is challenged by widespread of electric vehicle (EV) uses. Therefore, there is exploitation of the many parks spread over the territory of a smart city by means of mobile charging stations (MCS). That can be set up or moved anywhere as needed. This allows for the rapid expansion of the charging infrastructure. In this work, we propose an architecture system consisting of a set of algorithms to manage electric vehicle charging plans in terms of minimizing journey time, including waiting and charging time at charging stations (CS). Thus, During the CS selection decision, the system takes into consideration the amount of sufficient energy for the EV to reach the specified CS, the remaining amount of energy in stock if the selected CS is the MCS type, the CS Real-time status, and the first-come-first-served policy based on providing charge seats in CS. Moreover, the dynamically system regulates each FCS at its peak time of its MCS operation, ensuring a semi-permanent equilibrium in electrical grid usage and reducing congestion by changing the flow of vehicles that are directed towards FCSs for charging. The evaluation results demonstrate, in the context of the Helsinki City scenario, the effectiveness of the proposed system and algorithms, in terms of achieving the above-mentioned objectives.