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Introduction: Cities as Social and Spatial Networks Read chapter Read first chapter

2019 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

6. A Social and Spatial Network Approach to Understanding Beliefs and Behaviors of Farmers Facing Land Development in Delhi, India

Authors : Jessica A. Diehl, Mallika Bose, Deborah S. Main

Published in: Cities as Spatial and Social Networks

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

Community participation is an essential component of sustainable planning and development (UN-HABITAT in Planning sustainable cities: UN-HABITAT practices and perspectives, 2010). But, the poor and marginalized present a unique challenge to planners. They are difficult to reach, yet their homes and livelihoods are often tied to places development projects target, making them an important population to include in sustainable planning practices (Kabeer et al. in World Development 40:2044–2062, 2012). Linking social network and spatial analysis can provide planners and policy makers a nuanced understanding of the relationship between social ties and beliefs/behaviors related to participation. It is a relationship not well understood (Beebeejaun and Vanderhoven in Planning Practice & Research 25:283–296, 2010; Brownill and Parker in Planning Practice & Research 25:275–282, 2010), but needed to inform community-based approaches. This research project was designed as a case study of urban farmers facing land development pressures in Delhi, India. The objective was to measure social and spatial aspects of household social networks and investigate if households with similar social networks also had similar land development beliefs and behaviors. Employing a mixed methods approach (GIS mapping, interviews, observations), we determined the social networks of 121 families and used hotspot analysis to examine the relationship between spatial and social dimensions of their lives. Analysis revealed that specific types of social ties can either facilitate or constrain household opportunities, behaviors, and even understanding of the situation. Linking spatial and social network approaches produces a more nuanced understanding of how social networks operate. We offer insight into how to approach hard to reach communities and engage them in planning and development activities that impact their livelihoods.

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previous chapter Spatial Characteristics of Social Networks
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Footnotes
1
The monthly per capita poverty line for urban Delhi is 1134 INR or 37.8 INR per day (approximately $20.50 USD or $0.70 per day) (Government of India 2013). India sets its own poverty rate. It is currently slightly more than half the $1.25 per day set by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the poverty line (www.​who.​int—accessed 12/5/14). It is estimated that up to 60% of the Indian population lives on $1 per day or less.
 
2
The Bento app is no longer available or supported by Filemaker.
 
3
Geo-referenced social network data can be analyzed with programs including Pajek, Ucinet, R, and ArcMap; however, because this research collected within-household (egocentric) social network data and did not measure inter-household (dyadic or complete networks) connections, it was not relevant to perform typical SNA tests such as centrality, density, cohesiveness, etc.
 
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Metadata
Title
A Social and Spatial Network Approach to Understanding Beliefs and Behaviors of Farmers Facing Land Development in Delhi, India
Authors
Jessica A. Diehl
Mallika Bose
Deborah S. Main
Copyright Year
2019
Book
Cities as Spatial and Social Networks

Print ISBN: 978-3-319-95350-2

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-95351-9

Copyright Year: 2019

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95351-9_6