A Study on Cyber-Physical System Architecture for Smart Grids and Its Cyber Vulnerability

Technological advances resulted in overwhelming usage of electronic gadgets across the world which further resulted in increased load demands. The obvious challenges are blackouts, overloads and voltage sags. One possible and trusted solution for these problems is Smart grid. A power network supported by digital communication technology is termed as Smart grid. But this solution is not that simple as it seems to be. There are few challenges associated with this solution like cyber vulnerabilities and cyber-attacks. Therefore, an effort is made here to review comprehensively the research work carried out till date, encompassing different heuristic detection and estimation techniques. It is a convenient factor that issues in Smart grid like relay protection, Power flow control, grid security and reliability can effectively be modelled and efficiently be analyzed. An effort is made to identify the dependencies among Cyber Physical System controls in this work. There is an immediate need to protect the communications and computations carried out by the digital communication equipment in Smart grids from cyber-attack. An overview of current research efforts in expanding the Smart grid applications and its infrastructure security is presented here. The conclusions submitted here present the further scope of the research work.