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Air Pollution Sources, Statistics, and Health Effects: Introduction Read chapter Read first chapter

2021 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

Airborne Nanoparticles: Control and Detection

Authors : Mohsen Rezaei, Matthew Stanley Johnson

Published in: Air Pollution Sources, Statistics and Health Effects

Publisher: Springer US

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Excerpt

Air pollution
“is the presence in the outdoor atmosphere of any one or more substances in quantities which are or may be harmful or injurious to human health or welfare, animal or plant life or property or unreasonably interfere with the enjoyment of life or property, outdoor recreation” [ 1].
Aerosol
is a solid or liquid particle suspended in a gas. Such particles may be produced directly, for example, from combustion or indirectly from gas-to-particle conversion. The former is primary aerosol and the latter secondary aerosol [ 2]. There are multiple processing mechanisms in the atmospheric including exchange with the gas phase and coagulation.
Nanoparticle
is a size category of aerosol particles with diameter between 1 and 100 nm [ 2].
Anthropogenic emissions
include man-made pollution from activities such as transportation, cooking and heating, industry, and energy production, involving combustion of fossil fuel and biomass. Human activities can be the main primary source of airborne nanoparticles both indoors and outdoors [ 3].
Filtration efficiency
characterizes the performance of a filter or any process that can trap particles passing through it. It can be determined by measuring mass or number density of particles before and after filtration, for a specific source or as a function of particle size [ 4] .
Particle coagulation
when there is a large number of concentrations of airborne particles, they move by Brownian or turbulent diffusion; thereby their collisions increase with each other, resulting in sometimes aggregate clusters or a single new larger particle [ 1].
Nanoparticle characterization
is a subfield of atmospheric science and technology that uses determinations of the physical and chemical properties of nanoparticles to characterize their behavior and impacts [ 5].
Impaction
when a particle is large and dense, its inertia will cause it to remain in the streamlines to be collided with the object. This is called impaction [ 1].
Light scattering
scattering of light as a result of collisions with particles called light scattering [ 5].
Electrical mobility
“when a charged particle is exposed to an electric field, it will migrate at a velocity that is determined by a balance between the resulting electrostatic force and aerodynamic drag that resists its motion. This characteristic migration velocity is described as the electrical mobility of the particle” [ 5].
…

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Metadata
Title
Airborne Nanoparticles: Control and Detection
Authors
Mohsen Rezaei
Matthew Stanley Johnson
Copyright Year
2021
Publisher
Springer US
Book
Air Pollution Sources, Statistics and Health Effects

Print ISBN: 978-1-0716-0595-0

Electronic ISBN: 978-1-0716-0596-7

Copyright Year: 2021

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0596-7_1099