An evolutionary multipath energy-efficient routing protocol (EMEER) for network lifetime enhancement in wireless sensor networks

Wireless sensor networks are being used in almost all remote monitoring applications which involve sensing of information from remote locations and transmitting them to the control base center in a wireless medium. This has gained wide spread importance and attention especially with the integration of Internet of things which effectively help in transmission of real-time data and multimedia content. Especially in transmission of multimedia content, energy of nodes is a critical issue as the power provided to the nodes is limited in nature. Hence, this necessitates an intelligent and query-based utilization of energy for the applications or transmission on demand basis. A cluster-based evolutionary algorithm evolutionary multipath energy-efficient routing protocol has been proposed in this research article with a network size of 200 nodes and experimented. The performance with respect to network lifetime and network efficiency has been compared against conventional clustering routing schemes, namely LEACH, PEGASIS and TEEN algorithms. An evolutionary algorithm in the form of cuckoo search algorithm has been used to optimally select the cluster head in the clustering process with attributes taken in terms of energy efficiency.