An innovative hybrid controller-based combined grid-connected hybrid renewable energy system

In the upcoming decades, renewable energy is poised to fulfill 50% of the world's energy requirements. Wind and solar hybrid generation systems, complemented by battery energy storage systems (BESS), are expected to play a pivotal role in meeting future energy demands. However, the variability in inputs from photovoltaic and wind systems, contingent on environmental conditions, introduces fluctuations in their power outputs. Effectively managing constant power at the DC-link and enhancing power quality (PQ) at the AC-bus present formidable challenges. In this article, the hybrid power generation (HPG) system has been analyzed in different stages of the proposed controller. The initial stage focuses on mitigating power fluctuations at the DC-link by employing a hybrid phase-locked loop (PLL)-based voltage source converter (VSC) controller. Subsequently, the second stage delves into the analysis of power quality aspects, addressing issues such as sag, swell, harmonics, and voltage interruptions. To tackle these challenges, a distribution static compensator (D-STATCOM) is introduced, leveraging a hybrid technique that integrates the cuckoo search (CS) algorithm and recurrent neural network (RNN). This innovative approach, a unique contribution of this research, was implemented and simulated using MATLAB/Simulink. The obtained results demonstrate comparability with existing applications of the controller, thereby validating the efficacy of the proposed model.