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Published in: Geotechnical and Geological Engineering 4/2022

21-10-2021 | State-of-the-Art Review

An Overview of the Use of Rockbolts as Support Tools in Mining Operations

Authors: Kolapo Peter, Onifade Moshood, Praise Oluwatomisin Akinseye, Amwaama Martha, Said Omar Khadija, Jibril Abdulsalam, Lawal Abiodun Ismail, Aladejare Adeyemi Emman

Published in: Geotechnical and Geological Engineering | Issue 4/2022

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Abstract

Historically, the idea of designing and installing rockbolts in rockmasses can be traced back to the construction of the Snowy Mountain hydroelectric scheme in Australia, which was completed in 1974. The use of rockbolts as a ground support system has been widely applied to enhance the stability of structures in mining and to resist the movement of keyblocks in underground excavations. The strength of a rockbolt as a rock support tool lies in its ability to improve the tensile and shear strength needed to maintain the load-bearing capacity of a rockmass. Currently, rockbolts are extensively used as reinforcement methods in mining and civil engineering projects to support deforming rockmasses in coal and hard rock mining, tunnelling and underground openings. The performance of a rockbolt depends on the design parameters such as load-bearing capacity of the bolt, strength of the bolt, bolt diameter, length of the bolt and bolt spacing. This study provides a detailed review of the various applications of rockbolts in mining operations. In addition, the integration of smart sensors in rockbolts to enhance monitoring of displacement measurements, stresses, subsidence of pillars and ground pressure on structures are discussed in this paper. The use of smart rockbolt devices, which has improved the monitoring and evaluation of critical parameters in rockbolts such as the axial force, corrosion occurrence, grout quality and resin delamination, are also discussed. This review shows that with the numerous applications of rockbolts in mining, especially in underground excavations and tunneling engineering, rockbolts can be used as supports in rocks with different geological conditions. Nevertheless, this paper highlights that there are still some areas that need improvement in rockbolting technology.

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Metadata
Title
An Overview of the Use of Rockbolts as Support Tools in Mining Operations
Authors
Kolapo Peter
Onifade Moshood
Praise Oluwatomisin Akinseye
Amwaama Martha
Said Omar Khadija
Jibril Abdulsalam
Lawal Abiodun Ismail
Aladejare Adeyemi Emman
Publication date
21-10-2021
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Published in
Geotechnical and Geological Engineering / Issue 4/2022
Print ISSN: 0960-3182
Electronic ISSN: 1573-1529
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-021-02005-5

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