Analytical Determination of Technological Parameters in the Work of a Self-driving Machine for Soil Loosening and Weeds Removing

The paper analyzes the most common types of weeds in the Volgograd region. The main physiological and physical-mechanical features of weeds are described. The authors identified the most harmful weeds and features of their growth. The results of studying the technological process of removing weeds together with the root system with the simultaneous high-quality loosening of the soil are presented. The technological process of operation of an auto-driven sectional working body is described. The paper describes the movement trajectory of the knives of front and rear rotors during the operation of the unit. The hole dimensions were determined when cultivating the soil with a knife of the front rotor of an auto-driven working body. The dependence of the gear ratio between the front and rear rotors, the long root extracted to the field surface, and the speed of the unit were established. As a result of experimental studies, it was found that the optimal gear ratio between the rotors of the self-driving tillage unit should be in the range from 3.5 to 3.8, while the forward speed of the unit is 2.5–3.5 m/s. These technological parameters are the fundamental factors in creating a complex technological process of combing out weeds from the soil in place of the root and laying them on the surface.