Architecture of Public Toilets in the Landscape – Disorder or Integration

A toilet in the public space does not have to be bashfully hidden as a unaesthetic and unattractive building. Public toilets can also be a place for good design and prestige, especially with the willingness and commitment of the architects. The hygienic and sanitary facilities located and functioning in the vicinity of the natural landscape, in close proximity to nature, are a particular challenge in this respect. Green and recreational areas, landscape parks, mountain and seaside areas, marinas and others are equipped with public toilets to provide basic amenities to the users. Public toilets are also located on the tourist routes. Keeping in mind that these facilities are often the permanent elements of the landscape, designers should take care of the formal and material aesthetics of toilet buildings and propose solutions that do not interfere with the surroundings, but rather provide a harmonious and consistent complement to the landscape. By entering into the surrounding environment, public toilets should not disfigure, disturb and deter, but on the contrary, through interesting look, they may even become a tourist attraction. Assuming that the design of public toilets is not a necessary evil, architects can also present surprising ideas and feel satisfaction. The purpose of this study is to identify and present contemporary trends in this area. An important issue in the research is the analysis and evaluation of existing examples of public toilets located in the natural landscape. Conclusions will be the basis for developing design guidelines.