Arms Control in the Cyber Domain: A European Approach to Mitigate Digital Threats

The chapter 'Arms Control in the Cyber Domain: A European Approach to Mitigate Digital Threats' examines the European Union's strategies to mitigate cyber threats through the lens of arms control. It begins by contextualizing the unique vulnerabilities and threats posed by the cyber domain, which is not bound by geographical or physical borders. The EU's cybersecurity strategies, such as the 'Open, Safe and Secure Cyberspace' strategy, are analyzed as innovative arms control mechanisms. The European Network and Information Systems (NIS) Directive and the role of the European Union Agency for Cybersecurity (ENISA) are highlighted as key components in fostering cyber resilience and cooperation across Europe. Additionally, the chapter discusses the EU's restrictive measures, including sanctions and diplomatic responses, as proactive means to deter and react to cyber attacks. The conclusion offers a future outlook on the intersection of AI and cybersecurity, emphasizing the need for regulation to prevent the harmful exploitation of AI capabilities. This chapter provides a detailed and insightful exploration of the complexities and strategies involved in European cybersecurity, making it a valuable read for professionals in the field.