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Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW)

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01-04-2011

Artefactual Multiplicity: A Study of Emergency-Department Whiteboards

Authors: Pernille Bjørn, Morten Hertzum

Published in: Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) | Issue 1-2/2011

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Abstract

Whiteboards are highly important to the work in emergency departments (EDs). As a collaborative technology ED whiteboards are usually placed in the dynamic centre of the ED, and all ED staff will approach the whiteboard regularly to organize their individual yet interdependent work. Currently, digital whiteboards are replacing the ordinary dry-erase whiteboards in EDs, which bring the design and use of whiteboards in ED to our attention. Previous studies have applied the theoretical lenses of common information spaces, coordination, and awareness to the investigation of whiteboard use and design. Based on an ethnographic study of the work practices involving two differently designed ED whiteboards, we found these concepts insufficient to explain one essential characteristic of these heterogeneous artefacts. In this paper, we suggest an additional theoretical concept describing this characteristic of heterogeneous artefacts; namely artefactual multiplicity. Artefactual multiplicity identifies not only the multiple functions of heterogeneous artefacts but also the intricate relations between these multiple functionalities.

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CTAS: Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale

In the Canadian Pediatric ED they use the term ‘consultant’ to indicate whether a patient needs to be seen by a medical specialist. If the attending physician requests that a consultant from, say, the orthopedic department must see the patient, the charge nurse will call the orthopedic department. At this time the charge nurse does not know which orthopedic consultant will arrive and, therefore, writes the requested service ‘ortho’, instead of the name of the consultant, on the whiteboard. When they know the name, they will write, e.g., ‘Smith’. This way, the label ‘consultant’ may seem confusing, because the content of the column is more of a service even though the label ‘consultant’ refers to a role.

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Title: Artefactual Multiplicity: A Study of Emergency-Department Whiteboards
Authors: Pernille Bjørn
Morten Hertzum
Publication date: 01-04-2011
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Published in: Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) / Issue 1-2/2011
Print ISSN: 0925-9724
Electronic ISSN: 1573-7551
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10606-010-9126-7

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