Artificial neural networks in medicine

In the past several decades, the intricate neural networks of the human brain have inspired the further development of intelligent systems. Many disciplines, including the complex field of medicine, have taken advantage of the useful applications of artificial neural networks (ANNs). To review and provide a comprehensive introduction to artificial neural networks, as well as a general discussion of its recent applications in the medical field. A search of the PsycINFO, Google Scholar, PubMed, and University of Rhode Island Library databases from 1943 to 2017 was conducted for articles on artificial neural networks to describe (1) general introduction, (2) historical overview, (3) modern innovations, (4) current clinical applications, and (5) future applications of the field. The relevance of artificial neural networks has increased significantly over the past few decades as technology advances. Evidence from several studies demonstrates that artificial neural networks can be used to not only aid in the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of major diseases, but can also aid in the advancement of the environment and community.