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2012 | Book

AsiaSim 2012

Asia Simulation Conference 2012, Shanghai, China, October 27-30, 2012. Proceedings, Part I

Editors: Tianyuan Xiao, Lin Zhang, Minrui Fei

Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Book Series : Communications in Computer and Information Science

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About this book

The Three-Volume-Set CCIS 323, 324, 325 (AsiaSim 2012) together with the Two-Volume-Set CCIS 326, 327 (ICSC 2012) constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Asia Simulation Conference, AsiaSim 2012, and the International Conference on System Simulation, ICSC 2012, held in Shanghai, China, in October 2012. The 267 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 906 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on modeling theory and technology; modeling and simulation technology on synthesized environment and virtual reality environment; pervasive computing and simulation technology; embedded computing and simulation technology; verification, validation and accreditation technology; networked modeling and simulation technology; modeling and simulation technology of continuous system, discrete system, hybrid system, and intelligent system; high performance computing and simulation technology; cloud simulation technology; modeling and simulation technology of complex system and open, complex, huge system; simulation based acquisition and virtual prototyping engineering technology; simulator; simulation language and intelligent simulation system; parallel and distributed software; CAD, CAE, CAM, CIMS, VP, VM, and VR; visualization; computing and simulation applications in science and engineering; computing and simulation applications in management, society and economics; computing and simulation applications in life and biomedical engineering; computing and simulation applications in energy and environment; computing and simulation applications in education; computing and simulation applications in military field; computing and simulation applications in medical field.

Table of Contents

Frontmatter

The First Section: Modeling Theory and Technology

Research on Behavior Model of Virtual Soldier

In the Urbanized Terrain Simulation, it is an important task to build behavior model of virtual soldier for virtual city and to achieve independent actions. An object-oriented behavior model of virtual soldier, which has simple and comprehensive structure, is proposed in this paper. It includes basic reaction hierarchy, control hierarchy and object-oriented behavior hierarchy. And detailed action choice rules, hierarchy configuration and inner state model behavior of the behavior model are presented. The model is implemented based on the method of coalescent pattern to simulate veritably soldier behavior.

Qing Xue, Qing Deng, Jian Sun, Huibo Gao
Analysis of Aperture Shape Changing Trend Base on the Shaped Charge Jet Penetration through the Steel Target

Based on the characteristic of the linear shaped charge and the theory of jet penetration target, a method, which adopts explicit dynamic analyzing program AUTODYN to simulate the process of the linear shaped charge jet penetration through the target, is proposed in this paper. The trend and rule of aperture size changing with time during the process of the jet penetration the target, are analyzed. The physics phenomena and rule are basically same between emulational result and testing result. It shows that analytical model and emulational method are reasonable and practical.

Junqing Huang, Yalong Ma, Kelei Huang, Jianxun Zhao
A Commanding Model of Counterwork Simulation System Based on Value Driving Decision-Making

A commanding model of counterwork simulation system based on value driving decision-making is proposed in this paper. The theoretical foundation of the method is Nash Equilibrium of game theory. This paper analyzes the value driving decision-making model which is based on entity’s maximum benefit and gives examples of value driving decision-making in the Counterwork Simulation System.

Weifeng Li, Shuli Wang, Xinjun Zhao, Jiying Wang
Research on Assembly Line Modeling and Simulation Optimization

In this paper, assembly line is discussed with plant simulation. Firstly, the method of assembly line modeling is proposed. Secondly, assembly line simulation optimization is researched. Finally, assembly line modeling and simulation optimization are both described by an instance.

Fuli Huang, Wenhua Zhu, Bin Bai, Baorui Li
Research and Simulation on Template Surface Construction and Orthogonal Curvature Extraction

In this paper, face to surface fitting algorithm based on orthogonal curvature is proposed, and then with the help of related theories of differential geometry, the template surface can be constructed based on arc tangent function. Then, the method of extracting curvature on equal arc meshes and the method for numerical solution of nonlinear equations are analyzed. Besides, with the help of computer software technology and computer graphics library technology, a software simulation platform is firstly built, and then the construction of arc tangent rotating surface, the extraction of orthogonal curvature and the 3D rendering of template surface and fitting surface are successfully realized. The operation effect of software simulation platform shows that the construction algorithm of template surface, the extraction algorithm of orthogonal curvatures and the method for numerical approximation can effectively construct template surface and extract orthogonal curvature accurately. These algorithms can provide basic technical support for the simulation and experimental verification of surface fitting algorithm based on orthogonal curvature.

Hesheng Zhang, Xiaoping Qiao, Ping’an Ding, Xiaojin Zhu
BOM Ontology-Based Composite Modeling Approach for Simulation Model

It is an efficient way for developing models by composition of reusable components. Successful composition of models means correct in both syntactic and semantic level. Base Object Model (BOM) facilitates and improves the semantic information of simulation model, and its purpose is to improve reusability and composition. However, there is no sufficient information for BOM matching in semantic level because that BOM has no rich and clear semantic information. In this paper BOM ontology is built to enhance BOM semantic information leaving the BOM unaltered by using ontology and an iterative approach is proposed to reduce the complexity of composition. The approach mainly consists of three phases: transformation from conceptual model to event classification model; model search; model matching and composition. Finally, we demonstrate this through a simple simulation system. The result shows that this approach is effective and can simplify the composition of ontologies.

Jianchun Zhang, Fengju Kang, Huaxing Wu, Wei Huang
Research on IDEF0 and UML Combination Based Modeling of Equipment Support

The concept and merit of the simulation for equipment support is expatiated, and the requirement of modeling and simulation of the equipment support systems is analyzed. And then, a method for modeling of the equipment support systems is proposed which combines the IDEF0 and UML methods. With the navy equipment support as an example, a design of the simulation structure is introduced, and the model of a selected typical support activity is characterized graphically. A research method is provided for modeling and simulation of equipment support, which establish a foundation for farther simulation study of the equipment support.

Haihong Wang, Guanghong Gong, Jiayu Xie, Shu Cai, Yicheng Zheng
Closed-Loop Subspace Identification Algorithm of EIV Model Based on Orthogonal Decomposition and PCA

In this paper, after analysis of the reason why some existing subspace methods may deliver a bias in the closed-loop conditions, a new SIM for closed-loop system based on orthogonal decomposition and principal component analysis is proposed by adopting the EIV model structure. Then, the underlying reason why SIMPCA-Wc delivers a bias estimate is explained from realization theory of closed-loop system based on orthogonal decomposition. At last, simulations show that the proposed method ORT_PCA-Wc used for closed-loop EIV system is effective and feasible.

Jianguo Wang, Yong Guo, Juanjuan Wang
Design of Intelligent UUV Model Based on the Command Mechanism

Compared with traditional BDI structure Agent which is controlled by individual consciousness to accomplish tasks, Multiple UUV combat receives command from carrier or submarine and takes action according to its surrounding information. Combined with research works from Agent theory and military combat command system, this paper brings up a structure which is based on Agent model and illustrates the formula language to build up the command oriented intelligent UUV model. UUV model realized the MAS UUV Fleet Combat simulation system and provide technical support to the realization of MAS underwater network centric warfare systems.

Honghong Li, Fengju Kang, Hao Gu, Huizhen Yang
Analysis of Vacuum Casting Pressure Time and Its Influence on Casting Quality

Differential pressure vacuum casting process exist some characteristics, such as nonlinear, time-varying, lag and so on, which is a dynamic process with parameter changing. In the casting process, in order to make parameters meet requirements, the compression model of casting system must be analyzed correspondingly. Pressure time formula of compression process is derived by means of vacuum technology theory, and V450N-VD Vacuum Casting Machine designed by Shanghai University is used to do experiments and its results show that the cross-sectional area of inlet valve and the initial pressure of vacuum chamber are the important parameters of affecting pressure time during compression process. With the motorcycle headlight shell as the experimental mold during the vacuum casting process, experiments show that reasonable pressure time is beneficial to improving the casting quality during the compression process.

Nannan Xu, Zhuangya Zhang, Haiguang Zhang, Tian Lv, Yuanyuan Liu, Qingxi Hu
Role-Based Vehicle-Level CGF Entity Model Code Framework

Vehicle-level CGF entity model with high intelligence usually has very complex logic programming code architecture. Nowadays most simulation model generating tools can not generate CGF entity models efficiently. To overcome this shortcoming, we propose a XML based role configurable and reusable code framework. It consists of command part and action part, corresponding to behavior model and physical model respectively. The configurable assembling module assembles the two parts and forms the CGF entity. Preliminary application verifies that the code frame can satisfy the real-time requirement of current large scale system-of-systems CGF simulation, having good configurable and reusable properties.

Xiao Song, Xuecheng Shi, Guanghong Gong, Lidong Qian, Shaoyun Zhang
QVGA OLED Display Control Module with High Gray-Level

OLED has a lot of advantages like simple structure, ultrathin, self-luminescence, high brightness, short response time, wide viewing angle, low operation voltage and so on, which is widely applied in cell phone, PDA, DC, on board display and military field. This paper represents a real-time video display system on OLED based on the detailed analysis of OLED panel electrical characteristics and various gray scale scanning principles of the OLED scan and drive circuit. FPGA is the core control device in the whole system, the DVI decoded signal is processed and real-time displayed on the OLED. 240×RGB (H)×320 (V) QVGA, 256 gray scale is implemented and frame frequency is 60Hz~100Hz. The power drive has 7 outputs, which is adjustable to fit the external environment. Among them, sub-field scanning working mode is adopted in the design, gray scale is selectable.

Meihua Xu, Shihao Weng, Mengwei Sun
Wave-Based Reflections Reducing Approach for Bilateral Teleoperation

The wave-based method can guarantee the passivity of the bilateral teleoperation system, but the ensuing wave reflections will deteriorate the operation performance. This paper presents a new wave-based bilateral teleoperation structures to attenuate the wave reflection, at the same time, by scaling the structure parameters to improve the force and speed tracking performance. And according to the wave scattering theory, passivity of the new structure is analyzed. Experiments show that the proposed method not only guarantees the stability of the system, but also improves the position tracking and force feedback performance.

Min Zheng, Wei Xiao, Qinghai Chen
Recovering Three-Dimensional Surfaces with Multi-images Shape-From-Shading Method

Three-dimensional (3-D) shape reconstruction is one of the fundamental problems in the field of computer version. Most existing shape-from-shading (SFS) methods are based on signal image and orthogonal projection. But the reflectance map equation is a nonlinear partial differential equation about two random variables. So the SFS is an ill-posed problem. Further more, orthogonal projection used to simulate the imaging processes of camera is not very accurate. This paper proposes a new SFS method under perspective projection with multi-images. Three images with different lighting source directions are captured by camera firstly. Following three reflectance map equations which are described by Lambertain model are established. Then the gradient vectors of the 3-D surface are calculated by solving the reflectance map equations. The gray constraint and gradient component constraint conditions are used to construct target function, and the corresponding Eulor-Poision equations are derived. Simultaneously, discrete difference is used to approximate differential operation. New iterative 3-D shape reconstruction algorithm is proposed by the discrete difference equation. Three pixel values are used to solve certain gradient value in our method. So the ill-posed problem in traditional SFS which solves a single reflectance map equation can be avoided. At last, experimental results of 3-D reconstruction show that the proposed method is effective.

Lei Yang, Ning Zhang
Balancing Methods on the Three-Axis Air-Bearing Platform

In order to improve the performance of the three-axis air-bearing platform (TAP) and to achieve higher simulation accuracy, better balancing methods are required. In this paper, we propose a complete balancing method considering other kinds of disturbance torque as well as the gravity torque. The gravity torque adjustment is divided into three steps: manual adjustment, rough automatic adjustment and precise automatic adjustment. Other kinds of disturbance torque, such as vortex torque, elastic distortion torque and dynamic unbalance torque are discussed. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated through experiments.

Shuai Wang, Jie Ma, Shuang Gao
A Non-linearity Correction Method for Calibration of Optical Sensor at Low Level Light

This paper describes a methodology developed for calibrating optical detector for light engineering, especially for devices used at low level light, including auroral imager, star sensor, astronomical camera and similar optical instruments. In order to know the physical meaning of optical sensor output, calibration is the first and most important process in a complete analysis of observed data. It is found that optical sensors, like CCDs, are not perfectly linear systems as they were assumed. After bias frame subtraction, the number of ADU counts is not exactly proportional to the number of incident photons. A key component of this paper is non-linearity correction. One of current applications using this method is auroral imager which is used for measuring aurora, high-altitude clouds, and other atmospheric optical objects light intensity, which is the first step to complete an optical object tomography simulation.

Zilu Wang, Bin Wu, Tima Sergienko
Analyzing Effects of Ankle-Foot Parameters on Passive Bipeds Based on Dynamic Walking Modeling

Though people’s usual gaits tend to be natural and simple, the theoretical modeling and analysis are complicated based on the remarkable fact that the walking motion is a complex dynamic phenomenon. In this paper, we build a passive dynamic bipedal walking model with flat feet and compliant ankle joints. The bipedal walker travels on a slope actuated by the gravity. We analyze effects of ankle-foot parameters on walking characteristics based on dynamic walking modeling. Simulation results demonstrate that the model can perform stable walking cycle. The effects of ankle-foot parameters on motion characteristics with different ankle stiffness are shown in detail.

Jingeng Mai, Yue Gao, Yan Huang, Qining Wang, Lin Zhang
Investigation of Eddy Diffusivity in a Reactive Plane Jet by Using Direct Numerical Simulation

Eddy diffusivity in a planar turbulent jet with a second-order chemical reaction (A+B→R) is investigated by using direct numerical simulation. Reactant A and B are premixed into the jet flow and the main flow, respectively. The eddy diffusivity of species A on the jet centerline is calculated from the mean concentration of species A and the streamwise turbulent mass flux of the species A. The results show that the chemical reaction makes the eddy diffusivity of species A small, and the effects of the chemical reaction on the eddy diffusivity depend on the Damköhler number. From these results, we can conclude that the gradient diffusion model should be used with considerations of the effects of chemical reactions on eddy diffusivity.

Tomoaki Watanabe, Yasuhiko Sakai, Kouji Nagata, Osamu Terashima, Yasumasa Ito, Hiroki Suzuki, Toshiyuki Hayase
A Design Method of Derivative State Constrained H 2 Integral Servo Controller for Suppressing under Damping of Oscillatory System

A design method in this paper concerns the optimal H

2

integral servo problems for two-inertia model via the constraints of the derivatives of state variables added to the standard constraints. It is shown in the paper that the derivative state constrained optimal H

2

integral servo problems can be reduced to the standard optimal H

2

control problem. The main subject of the paper is to derive the derivative the theorem for state constrained H

2

integral servo. The effect of our proposed controller with respect to reduce an under damping for two-inertia model system is also verified.

Noriyuki Komine, Masakatsu Nishigaki, Tadanori Mizuno, Kunihiro Yamada
A Temporal Coherence Based Framework for Visualizing Time-Varying Unstructured Volume with PBVR

Time-varying visualization is always an important topic in the field of scientific visualization. Due to the large data size and complex grid, the unstructured time-varyingvisualization is still a hard problem. In this paper, we propose atemporal coherence based framework for visualizing large-scale time-varying unstructured volumewith the Particle-based volume rendering (PBVR).PBVR is a visibility sorting free rendering method, which can render a large-scale unstructured grid dataset efficiently. However, the pre-process of PBVR, which is to generate particles from the original volume, can always cost too much time. To overcome this problem, we utilize the temporal coherence between consecutive time steps to decrease the particle generation time.After the particle generation, we also compress the particle data before it is stored in hard disk. In account of the compressed data size, the loading time of the particle data during the rendering process is decreased obviously.And after the loading of the particle data, our system can render the data as an animation very smoothly by utilizing the LOD control of PBVR.We applied our system to rendering of 465 time steps of 3,676,828 hexahedral cell grid dataset to confirm the effectiveness.

Kun Zhao, Naohisa Sakamoto, Koji Koyamada
Detection of Linear Relationship among Dimensions in Multivariate Data by Parallel Coordinates

When visualizing multivariate data as parallel coordinates, although it is convenient to view the relationship between two adjacent dimensions, the exploring of the relationships among three or more nonadjacent dimensions is relatively difficult. In this paper, we propose a way to solve this problem by using axis-translation method and axis-comparison method, which can keep the original positions of axes and exploring the relationships among three or more nonadjacent dimensions.

Chi Zhang, Naohisa Sakamoto, Koji Koyamada
VNSP: A Virtual Network Based Simulation Platform

Network based simulation is playing an important role in information technology research fields. However, some simulation activity such as information security test may cause unexpectable breakage to the network infrastructure. In order to overcome these drawbacks and provide more flexible simulation networks, a virtual network based simulation platform named VNSP is designed and implemented. Based on system virtualization technology and software routing methods, the platform has the function of real network infrastructure, can build the target network according to simulation task rapidly. This paper discussed the virtual granularity, system design and system implement of the simulation platform. In the end, a serious of experiments was carrying out to exam the performance of the platform.

Dawei Li, Shaojie Mao, Lixin Zhu
A Multi-resolution Display Method for Digital Archives of Cultural Properties Using Polygon Reconsruction

In this paper, we propose a multi-resolution display method for digital archives of cultural properties using polygon reconstruction. When digital archives of cultural properties are displayed in VR systems for research purpose, mesh resolution had to be changeable on the demand of user. Additionally, for user’s comfortability, polygon reconstruction needs to be executed in real-time. History of preliminary polygon reductions is adopted for the proposed method so that polygon reconstruction is executed in real-time. To validate the VR system using the polygon reconstruction based multi-resolution display method, some experiments are performed. As the result of the experiments, the proposed method is performed within 1.0 second, which is considered as ”real-time” by the definition of typical user-interface.

Megumi Okumoto, Yuri Iwakata, Asuka Komeda, Tomoko Yonezawa, Masami Takata, Kazuki Joe
A Prototype Architecture for Assembly-Oriented Cyber-Physical Systems

ACPS is a new generation intelligent system based on the embedded systems, sensing technology and networked connectivity. As a typical application of CPS, it has many special features different from the traditional systems. According to these features, a four-layer architecture is proposed which consists of Physical Layer, Network Layer, Co-processing Layer and Application Layer. Furthermore, some research directions and challenges of ACPSs are suggested, and the ultimate goal is to develop foundations and techniques for building safe and effective ACPSs.

Jietao Dong, Tianyuan Xiao, Linxuan Zhang
A Robust Physics-Based 3D Soft Tissue Parameters Estimation Method for Warping Dynamics Simulation

Soft tissue warping is one of the key technologies in dynamic simulation of many surgical procedures. To achieve high performance simulation of 3D soft tissue warping, the research of physical parameters estimation of the warping model is of great significance. Through the construction of parameters estimation platform which consists of an optical tracking system PPT2 (Precision Position Tracker with 2 Cameras) and pressure acquisition devices, we obtain the nodal displacements of tetrahedron finite element model and external forces on it. Then we calculate the parameters of 3D soft tissue by using reverse engineering method and verify the parameters by comparing the calculated nodal displacements and the measured nodal displacements of the soft tissue. The experimental results show that the Physics-based 3D soft tissue parameters estimation method we proposed have achieve accurate agreement of calculated nodal displacements and the measured nodal displacements and it has the properties of accuracy and robust;

Xiangyun Liao, Zhiyong Yuan, Zhaoliang Duan, Weixin Si, Si Chen, Sijiao Yu, Jianhui Zhao
An Efficiency-Driven Deterministic Optimization Approach for Sensor Placement in Image-Based Forest Field Measurement

In forest management, one key objective of forest field measurement is to measure the Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) of each tree in a specified area. Nowadays the widely employed way is to measure the trees manually one by one which usually takes several days. However much work can be considerably saved by adopting image based measurement approach which includes several steps. Among these steps, careful planning of the sensor placement is an essential preparation step which has significant impact on the effectiveness of the following steps. In this paper, a concept named Trees Per Location (TPL) is proposed to evaluate the efficiency in sensor placement. Based on TPL, we present a novel automatic sensor placement algorithm suitable for image based forest field measurement. The key feature of the proposed algorithm is that the impact of the camera orientation on optical constraints is attenuated due to the fact that in outdoors, the orientation of camera is not easy to control compared with the location of camera. Our method generates a plan composed of a series of sensor viewpoints and a shortest path that traverses each viewpoint exactly once. The plan guarantees that the total number of images needed to be taken is minimum and the travel distance of the path is the shortest while our plan satisfies the constraint that each tree appears in at least one image without being blocked by any other trees. Experiments are carried out on a sample forest from the PlotNet database and a real forest in order to compare the proposed TPL with other mainstream algorithms and validate the proposed method for DBH measurement.

Luis Diago, Nobuyoshi Muto, Lu Yang, Zheng Gong, Ichiro Hagiwara
hMETIS-Based Offline Road Network Partitioning

Distributed transportation simulation is an important technology for evaluating large-scale traffic applications and control policies, before they are implemented in real-world traffic systems. Offline road network partitioning is the first step towards distributed transportation simulation. Currently, road network portioning algorithms, like METIS, are designed to reduce the execution time. However, a slower execution time is acceptable for offline road network partitioning, if it leads to more efficient road network partitions. This paper introduces

hMETIS-based offline road network partitioning

. One experiment based on Singapore expressways shows that compared with the famous METIS-based offline road network partitioning, hMETIS-based offline road network partitioning reduces the number of vehicles crossing partitions by 9.8% on average, with a similar load imbalance and an acceptable execution time. For distributed traffic simulations, where there are large amount of data exchanged between partitions,

hMETIS-based offline road network partitioning

is one candidate solution to reduce the simulation time and increase the scalability.

Yan Xu, Gary Tan
Exploring a P2P Based Collaborative Feature Modeling through a Procedural 3D CAD Language

Real time collaborative feature-based CAD modeling within geographically dispersed participants is one of the current research hot spots in collaborative design community. Most existing collaborative design prototypes are based on C/S network architecture which has some weaknesses, such as a single point of failure and bottleneck, low expansibility and higher maintenance costs. This paper proposed a more effective and efficient scheme of real time collaborative parametric feature-based CAD modeling through concurrently programming 3D CAD model macro file with a procedural 3D CAD scripting language within a Peer-to-Peer (P2P) based collaborative editing system of our PRC platform, developed on the top of an improved JXTA. This paper describes the hybrid P2P network infrastructure, the procedural 3D CAD language, and a hierarchical, dynamic locking approach for consistent maintenance in P2P based collaborative editing. The rudimentarily developed prototype has verified that the proposed scheme is feasible.

Jiacai Wang, Ichiro Hagiwara
Development of Software Module for Model Reference Adaptive Control Simulation Based on the LabVIEW

Missile attitude control system usually adopts fixed gain with feedback control and the design method of combining with using the classical autopilot approach. But the missile’s dynamic characteristics and parameters varies with the environment changes dramatically, the traditional method is sometimes hard to meet the guidance performance requirements. According to the missile control system as the research object, based on the theory of adaptive control of missile attitude stabilization loop control method, and LabVIEW control simulation development environment to achieve the model reference adaptive control simulation software module, and the design of missile attitude control system simulation experiment. This design method can be used for missile attitude control system analysis, design and effectively assisting the designer to design the control system, simulation, optimization and programming, the linear system and nonlinear system by computer simulation, through adjustment of controller parameters to obtain satisfactory control effect online. It has a certain practical reference value for the actual design work.

Yankai Wang, Zhaoyu Zhang, Wenjie Qiu
MDA-Based Meta-modeling Technique for Collaborative Simulation

Heterogeneity among multi-disciplinary models of complex products models hinders the sharing of information between subsystems, decreases the efficiency of collaborative development and becomes the bottle-neck of system integration and collaborative simulation. This paper analyses the current progress on model consistency description in collaborative simulation system for complex product development, and presents an UML Profile-based meta-model, CSMM (Collaborative Simulation Meta Model), referring MDA standard, to fulfill the consistency description of collaborative simulation model and collaborative behavior information. Also, the process for building collaborative simulation models of complex products based on CSMM meta-model is given. A case study has verified that this meta-model is able to support multi-granularity modeling and multi-resolution simulation in complex product development process.

Cheng Ma, Tianyuan Xiao
Research and Application on Simulation Technology of Natural Environment

The natural environment affects and restricts the performance of high tech vehicle and platform. Research shows that modeling and simulation technology of natural environment influence on the design, development and application of modern vehicle all round. The environmental effect on vehicle is analyzed, and the research scheme and the key technology breakthrough in the process of study are introduced. The simulation result indicates that this kind of research method has advanced in technology.

Jing Li, Shaoning Zhang, Jingyan Han
Research on Multi-spectral Infrared Translation Technique Based on Fiber Array Plane

To satisfy the infrared detector simulation need for different wave bands, the research on multi-spectral infrared translation technique based on “fiber array plane”, was developed. It achieved that multi-spectral infrared scene simulator’s manufacturing, and the system contains video to visible transducer, visible to infrared transducer and multi-spectral optical system.

Cheng Tang, Zhuo Li, Wenhua Kong, Lili Zhou
A Compact Difference Scheme for Time Fractional Diffusion Equation with Neumann Boundary Conditions

This paper is devoted to the numerical treatment of time fractional diffusion equation with Neumann boundary conditions. A compact difference scheme is derived for solving this problem, by combining the classic finite difference method for Caputo derivative in time, the second order central difference method in space and the compact difference treatment for Neumann boundary conditions. The solvability, stability and convergence of this scheme are rigorously discussed. We prove that the convergence order of this proposed scheme is

O

(

τ

2 − 

α

 + 

h

2

), where

τ

,

α

and

h

are the time step size, the index of fractional derivative and space step size respectively. Numerical experiments are carried out to demonstrate the theoretical analysis.

Jianfei Huang, Yifa Tang, Wenjia Wang, Jiye Yang
Particle-Based Volume Rendering of Remote Volume Datasets Using FlowVR

In this paper, we present two different FlowVR systems aiming to render remote data using a Particle-based Volume Renderer (PBVR). The huge size of irregular volume datasets has always been one of the major obstacles in the field of scientific visualization. We developed an application with the software FlowVR, using its functionalities of “modules” which can be mapped and executed on remote computers, and communicating via ssh connections. Using a “Pixels Read-back and Send” and a “Particles Send” algorithms, we succeeded in creating an application designed for developing visualization programs with remote data particle-based rendering.

Allan Lorant, Alexandre Ancel, Kun Zhao, Naohisa Sakamoto, Koji Koyamada, Bruno Raffin
A Fast Intuitionistic Fuzzy Support Vector Machine Algorithm and Its Application in Wind Turbine Gearboxes Fault Diagnosis

Support vector machine has been successfully applied to the fault diagnosis field, but there are still some problems in practical applications. In this paper we proposed an improved algorithm which reduces the number of support vectors through the reduction of the sample spae to improve the efficiency of the algorithm. As the traditional fuzzy support vector machine cannot classify the sample with the same membership, so we use intuition index to lower the probability of the sample to get the same membership. Here we improve the accuracy of the algorithm through properly redefine the fuzzy membership and intuition index. Finally, we use the improved algorithm to build a multi-classifier based on one against one principle and the voting rules, and apply the multi-classification algorithm to the wind turbine gearbox fault diagnosis. The diagnose results prove that the improved algorithm we proposed can properly resolve the problem of wind turbine gearboxes fault diagnosis.

Bin Jiao, Qing Zhang
The Induced Charge Test under Thunderclouds Simulation Background

In order to study induced charge under simulated thunderclouds background, a thunderclouds simulation test platform had been built and a measuring instrument of induced charge had been developed. The test platform consisted of a metal disk, whose diameter is 3 meters the change of electric field can be simulated though imposing changing voltage to the metal disk. The slow changing electric field can be simulated by applying the direct-current voltage to the disk and cut it off instantaneously, while the fast changing electric field can be simulated by applying the impulse voltage to the disk. The induced charge can be measured by the measuring instrument under these two methods. The results showed that measuring instrument of induced charge can realize measurement of simulated fast changing and slow changing electric field. So the measuring instrument can be applied to the study of induced charge.

Xiaoming Ren, Jun Liu, Qin Zhou
Research on Description Method of Operational Task Oriented to Operational Effectiveness Evaluation

Equipment of weapon is a critical factor which determines the result of information-age warfare. Operational effectiveness evaluation is an important step in equipment of weapon development and construction. In order to demonstrate the development scheme of equipment and weapon correctively and effectively, the measures of effectiveness need to be selected scientifically. Operational task is the standard factor of operational effectiveness. The concept of different types of effectiveness is given and analyzed firstly. The requirement of description of operational task is also analyzed at the same time. Then the measures of effectiveness hierarchy are put forward. Aiming to the concept and characteristic of operational effectiveness, a formalized description method is discussed. The description products of operational task are defined and specialized. Then the detailed description process is given. This is of some importance and realistic and theoretic meaning to make sure that the development of weapon and equipment is scientific and reasonable.

Zenghua Li, Shen Zhang, Jingye Wang, Shuo Liu
Moment Exponential Stability of Neutral Impulsive Nonlinear Stochastic Delay Partial Differential Equations

In this paper, we consider the stability in

p

th moment of mild solutions to nonlinear impulsive stochastic delay partial differential equations (NISDPDEs). By employing a fixed point approach, sufficient conditions for the exponential stability in

p

th moment of mild solutions are derived.

Lei Zhang, Yongsheng Ding, Tong Wang, Liangjian Hu, Kuangrong Hao

The Second Section: Modeling and Simulation Technology on Synthesized Environment and Virtual Reality Environment

Real-Time Visualization for Large Scale Terrain Based on Linear Quadtree

To solve the problem of low frame rate and high memory space cost in large scale terrain visualization, a real-time rendering algorithm based on linear quadtree is proposed in this paper. It consists of three parts. Firstly, digital elevation models (DEMs) are de-sampled to get the same size blocks, terrain pyramid model is built with different scales and biases factors offline. Then linear quadtree index of terrain blocks is created for fast query, a more reasonable scheduling scheme is defined, and every frame only allowed loading one terrain block in order to avoid unstable rendering quality. Finally, GPU-based morphing method is applied to slow down vertex popping; vertical skirt is used to eliminate crack. Compared with Geomipmapping algorithm, the experimental results show the proposed algorithm could drop down memory space, GPU processing time and GPU rendering batches significantly, and the rendering rate is high and smooth.

Qin Li, Xiang Wang, Yongjia Zhao, Shuling Dai
Research on Modeling and Application of Synthetic Natural Environment

Traditional simulation application was normally carried out with restricted consideration of environmental factors. Through comprehensive and systematic analysis of natural environment, a novel integrated environment representation method was proposed and applied to a vehicle-mounted platform simulation application system with synthesized concerns of natural factors. The comprehensive simulation experiments with diversity of natural environment elements were integrated in traditional system employing the mathematical models and the 3D rendering engine techniques to reflect the relatively close-to-nature effects of the simulation system. The simulation results are proved to be competent and offered an applicable solution for evaluating the simulation system.

Zhenhua Lv, Guanghong Gong
Symbolic Representation of Vector Map in Virtual Geographic Environment

Those basic geometric graphs such as lines and polygons are the main representations used by 3D rendering methods of vector map at present. It is so simple that strictly limited map feature information has been transferred. Consequently, an extended rendering method based on the shadow volume stencil theory is presented, which allows real time symbolical overlay of vector map on terrain. Firstly, the basis of vector data visualization based on stencil shadow volume theory has been reviewed. Secondly, in order to improve visualization effect, the cartographic symbolization of vector map, i.e. roads, has been dedicated, which includes smooth border with rounded caps, outlines and overlaps. Finally, the experiment shows that real time displaying of vector map on terrain has been achieved, and the visualization effects have been improved by cartographic symbolical overlay.

Xuefeng Cao, Gang Wan
Modeling and Simulation of Nearshore Waves

This paper presents a new modeling method for simulating nearshore waves. Waves in the process of moving to the nearshore are more complex than to the deep-sea. Nearshore wave modeling in addition to the need to consider gravity and wind effect, but also consider the impact of the seafloor topography. We construct the mathematical model of the seafloor topography. Then, the waveform data generate while constructing the seafloor topography data. Finally, we achieve real-time simulation of nearshore waves based on parametric surfaces. This experiment proved that this method can quickly realize simulation into the nearshore waves.

Jianhua Xu, Hao Gu, Fengju Kang, Huizhen Yang, Sunli Wang
3D CG Model and Virtual Space of Court Noble House “Reizei-ke”

The residence of “Reizei-ke” (Reizei family) is the only existing court noble house in Japan. This paper presents a high quality 3D CG model of Reizei-ke, and a virtual space built by a 3D game engine. Users are able to enjoy a cosmic voyage which demonstrates a scene of ancient Court nobles of Japan.

Wang Sheng, Susumu Nakata, Satoshi Tanaka
Fluid Motion Vector Calculation Using Continuity Equation Optimizing

It is very important to calculate fluid motion vector for natural landscape modeling of virtual reality interaction. This paper presents a new method of landscape fluid motion vector calculating. First, we use Plessy operator to extract feature points from two images and to calculate the match points using the area correlation matching method. Then the linear interpolation method with the shortest distance is used to interpolate the calculated motion vector to obtain dense fluid motion vector result. At last, we use the fluid continuity equation to optimize the dense fluid motion vector field to obtain dense and more accurate fluid motion vector calculation results. Further experimental results show that this method has the characteristic of simple and accurate. It is a valid method of fluid motion calculating and be used in the application of fluid simulation and virtual reality study.

Maomao Wu, Hongyan Quan

The Third Section: Pervasive Computing and Simulation Technology

Optimization of Space Color Mapping Using Compactly Supported Radial Basis Functions for Color Reproduction

Colors play an important role for customers to find their preference. The perception of the color depends on the devices used to show the colors and it changes with the color transformation between one device and another. This paper proposes an optimization of the Compactly-Supported Radial Basis Functions (CSRBF) space mapping to minimize the error in the color conversion between the system and the printer color spaces. A clustering k-means method is used to select the representative data in the printer color space to reproduce the whole space with high accuracy. The calculation of optimized CSRBF parameters using the representative data is proposed to minimize the color difference between the predicted CSRBF color value and the printed color value of all data in the printer color space. Proposed optimization method finds the optimized CSRBF parameters values and the optimal weighting parameters for color differences evaluation.

Ladys Rodriguez, Luis Diago, Ichiro Hagiwara

The Fourth Section: Embedded Computing and Simulation Technology

A Method of Integrating Simulation with C2 System

In the military simulation area, providing environment for C

2

(Command and Control) systems is a main application of simulation. The interoperation technique between simulation and real system is increasing attention. This paper analyzes the demand of integration between simulation and C

2

system, and then provides the interactive models. In the meantime, this paper brings forward a method of integration which is proved by practical application that this method can eliminate the drawbacks of traditional methods.

Wei Chu, Xing E. Yan
An Implementation of FlexRay Bus Data Communication

The traditional bus in vehicle, like CAN and LIN, can not meet the requirement of some control systems in reliability and high speed. In order to realize the reliable and High-speed FlexRay bus communication, a FlexRay bus data communication implementation scheme is put forward in this paper, and a specific Brake-By-Wire system based on the scheme is designed. The experimental results show that no matter in high-speed or in reliability the scheme have shown a good performance. It can be predicted that the implementation scheme of FlexRay bus communication also can be applied to other X-By-Wire systems like Steer-By-Wire and so on.

Tingyao Liu, Yueli Hu, Longjie Wang, Chao Yu
The Design and Simulation of a Two-Layer Network Protocol for Industrial Wireless Monitoring and Control System

As the vital compliment of existed wired monitoring and control network, wireless systems, which share the 2.4GHz channel, are gradually introduced into the industrial application field. A previous research WICN (Wireless Industrial Control Network)-a token ring based network is limited by its single hop short range. A novel protocol named WICN-TL (Wireless Industrial Control Network-Two layers) is designed to deal with the distance problems of its predecessor. The paper introduces the topological structure, the stack model, the data format and the communicating procedure of the protocol. Moreover, the network protocol stack is implemented on the NanoNET hardware platform based on the IEEE802.15.4a standard and tested in a sewage plant and a turbine power simulation platform. The result shows that the network based on the protocol performs well in communication and the covered range is sufficient to apply to the normal industrial application demand.

Zhile Yang, Minrui Fei, Weiyan Hou, Bingchen Wang
Application of STM32 Microcomputer in the Design of Pressure Sensor Compensation

The use of STM32 microcomputer in the design of sensor compensator is implemented based on the principle of pressure sensor compensation. According to the characteristics of small size, low power consumption and high performance, the smallest system of STM32 microcomputer is designed to install in the compensation link of pressure sensor after debugging successfully. The results of experiment presented the dynamic response of the pressure sensor stepped up, band was widened, and stability was enhanced after adding this compensator, which reached the desired effect and proved the feasibility of this method.

Jianmin Wang, Yongxin Mou, Junqin Huang, Xiaodong Liu
The Mechanism of Abnormal Detection and Distributed Localization of Nodes Based on Trust Management in WSN

The fault of Beacon nodes, as well as the interference in radio channel environment, will all affect the performance of localization. To eliminate these interference factors, a new distributed localization algorithm is proposed based on trust management. Firstly the algorithm splits WSN into several clusters with a certain cluster protocol, and then initiates the global trust rating (GTR) and local trust rating (LTR) of Beacon nodes. To get more precise location, it needs to localize frequently and update the GTR and LTR of beacon nodes. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the method can not only improve the precision of the positioning, but can also be used to examine abnormal beacon nodes and infer possible interference factors in wireless channel.

Kun Chang, Qingwei Liu, Mandan Liu, Hailong Xiong

The Fifth Section: Verification, Validation and Accreditation Technology

Behavior Event Flow Analysis: A Method of Combat Simulation Creditability Evaluation

Credibility is an important part of combat simulation research, which restricts application qualities of simulation in the operational decision-making. Most of credibility evaluation methods measure the credibility by analyzing gap between simulation results and actual results, but the actual results of combat cannot be predicted. This paper brings forward a credibility evaluation method based on behavior event flow analysis, using the same form of event flow graph models to describe the battle course in simulation and theory. According to the merger thoughts, this paper also gives a strategy of contrast between the two event flow models, which can measure the flow rationality of simulation models by analyzing the event coverage degree and process matching degree between simulation logic models and theoretic logical models.

Ming Sun, Yalong Ma, Huixian Tao
A Simulation Model Validation Method Based on Design of Experiments

When simulation factors are numerous while real-world observed data are sparse, the issue of validating the simulation models is problematic. An extreme case is focused that limited real-world observations are available cross the factor space, and only a single replicate is available on per simulation factor setting. A method based on design of experiments is proposed by which the validation experiments could be well arranged across the factor space through optimal design. The p-value test technology is employed to evaluate the statistical consistency of the static data, and for a set of validation experiments obtained by DoE, the combined analysis of all the p-values resulted from these experiments can be taken based on the inverse-CDF theorem, to make an overall characterization of degree of the simulation credibility on the entire factor space. An example of validation of a guided missile simulation is taken to demonstrate that the method is useful.

Dezhi Dong, Jiangyun Wang, Ping Zhang
A Consistency Test Method for Simulation Data Considering Shape and Distance of Series

By utilizing contrasting results between simulation data and reference data, dynamic consistency test of simulation results is an important content of model validation. In this paper, a novel consistency test method considering shape and distance of series is proposed. Based on the analysis of dynamic consistency test problem, an improved grey relational grade model is established to assess the dynamic consistency among series, which considered the shape and distance of series as two main attributes. The consistency is tested in view of similarity and nearness between series to accomplish overall test task. Meanwhile, the method is effective to test the consistency for the two sets of simulation series being symmetric of reference data. Finally, an example of consistency test for launch current of electromagnetic railgun is given to illustrate that the improved method is effective and practical for assessment of dynamic consistency of simulation data.

Yuwei Hu, Ping Ma, Ming Yang, Zicai Wang
Research on Credibility Evaluation Framework of Manned-Spaceflight Training Simulator

A Manned-Spaceflight Training Simulator (MSTS) was the main training platform for Chinese astronauts. To determine the effectiveness of the training, simulation credibility of the MSTS must be verified. Therefore, this paper aims to establish a simulation credibility evaluation framework for an MSTS. Through reviewing existing evaluation systems, the evaluation framework for an MSTS was fundamentally established according to the training purpose of the simulator and the astronaut’s perspective. The framework contains two parts: static simulation and dynamic simulation, which can evaluate simulation credibility from visual, audio, and psychomotor sensory experience. The applicability and accuracy of the framework was basically proved by a questionnaire given to selected users of the MSTS and technical experts. Using this evaluation framework, the simulation credibility of an MSTS can be thoroughly scientifically tested.

Jiangang Chao, Junjun Wang, Pu Wang
Distributed Simulation Method for Homing Missiles Guidance, Navigation, and Control

In view of efficient models and equipments integration, a distributed simulation method orienting homing missiles GNC demonstration and performance assessment is presented. GNC system of homing missile is introduced briefly as foundation. Distributed simulation method of GNC demonstration is presented. Operation principle, time promoting, and model operation sequence are discussed. Base on this method, a distributed simulation system is developed for GNC demonstration and performance assessment. Architecture of the simulation system, including hardware structure and software structure, is illustrated. Utilizing this system, GNC system of an infrared imaging homing missile is demonstrated with consideration of laser active jamming, disturbances and model uncertainties. Simulation results are obtained for GNC performance assessment. Demonstration and performance assessment of GNC are efficient and economical by the distributed simulation method.

Chen Dong, Tao Chao, Songyan Wang, Ming Yang
Numerical Simulation and Experimental Verification for Rice Using Distinct Element Method

Distinct Element Method (DEM) has been developed for simulating behavior of discontinuous material by considering interaction between distinct elements,

i

.

e

. particles. After confirming the validity of DEM through some analysis, we can investigate behavior of material on a chute of a Sorting Machine with DEM. In the previous paper, we have reported that DEM is useful in simulating particles with various shapes, that is sorted by a Sorting Machine. The purpose of this paper is to discuss designing for an effective chute of a Sorting Machine from DEM results. At first, a repose angle of various types of rice in a stock box was simulated and the simulation results were compared with experimental ones. Secondly, the behavior of rice on a chute of a Sorting Machine was simulated and the simulated behavior was compared with actual one. Finally, we designed an effective chute of a Sorting Machine with DEM.

Tomoyuki Miyamoto, So Noguchi, Shinya Matsutomo
Safety Analysis of Computer-Controlled Real-Time Systems with Message Loss Using Communicating DEVS Models

The Communication DEVS formalism is an analysis means for discrete event systems modeled by DEVS formalism which has been widely used as a system theoretical specification. This paper proposes a new method for analyzing safety of real-time discrete event systems using communicating DEVS formalism. It is a part of efforts toward a unified method for modeling, simulation, and logical analysis based on the DEVS formalism and associate theory. For safety analysis of such real-time discrete event systems we first define communicating DEVS and then propose a timed reachability analysis algorithm for the models. The algorithm visits all possible timed states of the model, which is not always possible by using a simulation based state traversal. The proposed method can be well used especially for DEVS-specified systems to check various logical properties such safety, liveness and so on. A case study of a safety analysis for a rail road crossing system illustrates the usefulness of the proposed method.

Hae Sang Song, Tag Gon Kim
Study on Markov Chain-Based System Readiness Assessment Method

System readiness level (SRL) is used to measure the maturity of a system technical scenario so as to cover the shortage of Technical Readiness Level (TRL) by adopting Integration Readiness Level (IRL). When SRL is calculated based on TRL and IRL, the maturity of the Critical Technology Elements (CTEs) and their interplay would change with time going on. Thus, when SRL is calculated based on TRL/IRL, it may have time lags and the decision made according to the SRL will be also out of time. It may cost a large quantity of time and money. In order to solve the problem, markov chain is adopted. The concept of initial distribution, transition probability matrix and stationary distribution are used to describe and obtain the initial and stationary TRL/IRL/SRL. The markov chain-based System Readiness Assessment (SRA) method can reduce the time lag of the TRL/IRL/SRL. Thanks to the advantage, decision can be made more accurately and scientifically. An illustrative example is given to test and verify the method. The method is easy to operate and can be generalized to other field.

Qisheng Guo, Guo Li, Liang Li, Jinghua Song
Pre-motion Based VR Object Manipulation
Definitions and Preliminary Experiments

In this paper, we propose a new method to manipulate objects by using user’s pre-motion in a VR environment. Users are provided with an instinctually easy interface to VR with using their natural behaviors as their commands for manipulating VR objects. Hand pre-shaping is known as human’s unconscious behavior to face a small object to be grasped. The definitions of pre-motions are determined by users’ initial behaviors. Therefore, we present the definitions to classify characteristics of the kinds of objects and pre-motions.Using the above definitions, we develop a prototype system to validate the classifications. Consequently, manipulating VR objects by pre-motion is possible and promising.

Shiori Mizuno, Asuka Komeda, Naoko Yoshii, Tomoko Yonezawa, Masami Takata, Kazuki Joe
Modeling and Verification of Warehouse Dynamic Scheduling Based on the IOQ Parameter of the Product

With the increasing competition of market economies, many companies are pursuing higher levels of production automation in manufacturing industry. For example, the automated warehouses are employed in the field of manufacturing and processing field, in the process of which automated warehouses play a more and more significant role. Therefore, it is meaningful to have a research on the automated warehouses scheduling issue. The warehouse scheduling algorithm is studied combining with the project on the automatic production line of an enterprise in this paper, and a warehouse scheduling optimization algorithm is proposed based on IOQ(Index of Quality) parameters. Then the process of getting the value of IOQ is also simplified by applying the idea of sparse matrix. In addition, the algorithm uses the maximum of the IOQs to schedule warehouse on line, and is compared with other warehouse scheduling algorithms. The simulation results show that the warehouse scheduling algorithm can not only improve the quality of the product effectively, but also improve the efficiency of the scheduling largely. The desired result is achieved in the end.

Wenqiang Yang, Minrui Fei
A Simulation Model Validation Method Based on Functional Data Analysis

Contrapose the disaccord between simulation data and real data in the process of simulation model validation, a simulation model validation method based on functional data analysis is proposed. This method is a kind of dynamic data analysis method, the simulation data and real data can be regarded as the sample data of two random processes, so the data also can be regarded as infinite dimension vector. Fit the data for function, so the data can be tackled in function form, the correlation analysis of the two random process of the simulation model and real system can be processed through the function data sample, the simulation model validation can be realized. This method proposes a new metrics to evaluate the credibility of the simulation model without the requirement of the time series consistency of simulation data and real data. An example is provided to prove the feasibility of the method.

Congmin Li, Jiangyun Wang, Liang Han, Dezhi Dong
3D Gesture-Based View Manipulator for Large Scale Entity Model Review

Hand gesture-based Human Computer Interaction (HCI) is one of the most natural and intuitive methods of communication between humans and machines because it closely mimics how humans interact with each other. Its intuitiveness and naturalness are needed to explore extensive and complex data or virtual realities. We developed a 3D gesture interface to manipulate the display of a 3D entity model. For gesture recognition, we use the Kinect as a depth sensor to acquire depth image frames. We track the position of the user’s skeleton in each frame and detect preset gestures. By simple gestures, the user can pan, zoom, rotate, and reset the view and freely navigate inside the 3D entity model in the virtual space. The proposed gesture interface is integrated with the stereoscopic 3D model viewer that we have previously developed for 3D model review.

Hye-Jin Park, Jiyoung Park, Myoung-Hee Kim
The Research Review on VV&A Working System of Complex Simulation System

From the aspect of management and technique, this paper describes the necessity and basic thinking of making the research on VV&A working system in complex simulation system, and also proposes the specific details and suggestions. This will provide much support for formulating VV&A in complex simulation system.

Shuli Zhang, Huapin Geng, Jiahui Tong, Mingran Du
Backmatter
Metadata
Title
AsiaSim 2012
Editors
Tianyuan Xiao
Lin Zhang
Minrui Fei
Copyright Year
2012
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Electronic ISBN
978-3-642-34384-1
Print ISBN
978-3-642-34383-4
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34384-1

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