Assessing the Progress of Clean Water and Sanitation (SDG 6) Implementation in Ghana

In 2015, the United Nations set forth 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to be realized by 2030, one of which is universal access to water and sanitation (SDG 6). This study critically evaluates the progress of Sustainable Development Goal 6 implementation in Ghana. The assessment relied on document analysis and secondary data from various sources, including the population and housing census report (2021), the 2021 Voluntary National Review (VNR), and the Medium-Term Expenditure Framework (MTEF) report, among others. Through a combination of policies, projects, and interventions, Ghana has made commendable progress toward realizing SDG 6. However, it is essential to highlight that only one of the eight targets associated with SDG 6 has made significant strides. Distinctly, Target 6.1, which seeks to ensure universal and equitable access to affordable and safe drinking water, was achieved by approximately 92.2% of all households. This research revealed that although substantial advancements have been achieved in the water industry, the same cannot be said for sanitation. The country continues to face significant challenges in delivering adequate and high-quality water and sanitation services to urban and rural communities. To meet all the targets outlined in SDG 6 by 2030, stakeholders in the water and sanitation sector, particularly the government, must intensify their efforts and allocate resources towards the sector. By undertaking comprehensive evaluations and addressing the existing constraints, Ghana can navigate the path toward the successful execution of Goal 6 targets.