Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Neural Computing and Applications 9/2021

07-08-2020 | Original Article

Attribute-based regularization of latent spaces for variational auto-encoders

Authors: Ashis Pati, Alexander Lerch

Published in: Neural Computing and Applications | Issue 9/2021

Log in

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Selective manipulation of data attributes using deep generative models is an active area of research. In this paper, we present a novel method to structure the latent space of a variational auto-encoder to encode different continuous-valued attributes explicitly. This is accomplished by using an attribute regularization loss which enforces a monotonic relationship between the attribute values and the latent code of the dimension along which the attribute is to be encoded. Consequently, post training, the model can be used to manipulate the attribute by simply changing the latent code of the corresponding regularized dimension. The results obtained from several quantitative and qualitative experiments show that the proposed method leads to disentangled and interpretable latent spaces which can be used to effectively manipulate a wide range of data attributes spanning image and symbolic music domains.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Footnotes
2
https://​faceapp.​com/​app, last accessed: 20th July 2020.
 
3
https://​prisma-ai.​com, last accessed: 20th July 2020.
 
4
https://​pytorch.​org, last accessed: 20th July 2020.
 
Literature
1.
go back to reference Adel T, Ghahramani Z, Weller A (2018) Discovering interpretable representations for both deep generative and discriminative models. In: 35th international conference on machine learning (ICML), Stockholm, Sweeden, pp 50–59 Adel T, Ghahramani Z, Weller A (2018) Discovering interpretable representations for both deep generative and discriminative models. In: 35th international conference on machine learning (ICML), Stockholm, Sweeden, pp 50–59
2.
go back to reference Akuzawa K, Iwasawa Y, Matsuo Y (2018) Expressive speech synthesis via modeling expressions with variational autoencoder. In: 19th Interspeech, Graz, Austria Akuzawa K, Iwasawa Y, Matsuo Y (2018) Expressive speech synthesis via modeling expressions with variational autoencoder. In: 19th Interspeech, Graz, Austria
3.
go back to reference Aubry M, Maturana D, Efros AA, Russell BC, Sivic J (2014) Seeing 3D chairs: exemplar part-based 2D-3D alignment using a large dataset of CAD models. In: IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR), Columbus, Ohio, USA, pp 3762–3769 Aubry M, Maturana D, Efros AA, Russell BC, Sivic J (2014) Seeing 3D chairs: exemplar part-based 2D-3D alignment using a large dataset of CAD models. In: IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR), Columbus, Ohio, USA, pp 3762–3769
4.
go back to reference Bengio Y, Courville A, Vincent P (2013) Representation learning: a review and new perspectives. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 35(8):1798–1828CrossRef Bengio Y, Courville A, Vincent P (2013) Representation learning: a review and new perspectives. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 35(8):1798–1828CrossRef
5.
go back to reference Bouchacourt D, Tomioka R, Nowozin S (2018) Multi-level variational autoencoder: learning disentangled representations from grouped observations. In: 32nd AAAI conference on artificial intelligence, New Orleans, USA Bouchacourt D, Tomioka R, Nowozin S (2018) Multi-level variational autoencoder: learning disentangled representations from grouped observations. In: 32nd AAAI conference on artificial intelligence, New Orleans, USA
6.
go back to reference Bowman SR, Vilnis L, Vinyals O, Dai AM, Jozefowicz R, Bengio S (2016) Generating Sentences from a Continuous Space. In: SIGNLL conference on computational natural language learning, Berlin, Germany Bowman SR, Vilnis L, Vinyals O, Dai AM, Jozefowicz R, Bengio S (2016) Generating Sentences from a Continuous Space. In: SIGNLL conference on computational natural language learning, Berlin, Germany
7.
go back to reference Brunner G, Konrad A, Wang Y, Wattenhofer R (2018) MIDI-VAE: modeling dynamics and instrumentation of music with applications to style transfer. In: 19th international society for music information retrieval conference (ISMIR), Paris, France Brunner G, Konrad A, Wang Y, Wattenhofer R (2018) MIDI-VAE: modeling dynamics and instrumentation of music with applications to style transfer. In: 19th international society for music information retrieval conference (ISMIR), Paris, France
9.
go back to reference Burgess CP, Higgins I, Pal A, Matthey L, Watters N, Desjardins G, Lerchner A (2018) Understanding disentangling in $\beta $-VAE. arXiv:1804.03599 [cs, stat] Burgess CP, Higgins I, Pal A, Matthey L, Watters N, Desjardins G, Lerchner A (2018) Understanding disentangling in $\beta $-VAE. arXiv:1804.03599 [cs, stat]
11.
go back to reference Castro DC, Tan J, Kainz B, Konukoglu E, Glocker B (2019) Morpho-MNIST: quantitative assessment and diagnostics for representation learning. J Mach Learn Res 20:1–29MathSciNetMATH Castro DC, Tan J, Kainz B, Konukoglu E, Glocker B (2019) Morpho-MNIST: quantitative assessment and diagnostics for representation learning. J Mach Learn Res 20:1–29MathSciNetMATH
12.
go back to reference Chen RTQ, Li X, Grosse R, Duvenaud D (2018) Isolating sources of disentanglement in variational autoencoders. In: Advances in neural information processing systems 31 (NeurIPS) Chen RTQ, Li X, Grosse R, Duvenaud D (2018) Isolating sources of disentanglement in variational autoencoders. In: Advances in neural information processing systems 31 (NeurIPS)
13.
go back to reference Chen X, Duan Y, Houthooft R, Schulman J, Sutskever I, Abbeel P (2016) InfoGAN: interpretable representation learning by information maximizing generative adversarial nets. In: Advances in neural information processing systems 29 (NeurIPS), pp 2172–2180 Chen X, Duan Y, Houthooft R, Schulman J, Sutskever I, Abbeel P (2016) InfoGAN: interpretable representation learning by information maximizing generative adversarial nets. In: Advances in neural information processing systems 29 (NeurIPS), pp 2172–2180
14.
go back to reference Cuthbert MS, Ariza C (2010) music21: a toolkit for computer-aided musicology and symbolic music data. In: 11th international society of music information retrieval conference (ISMIR), Utrecht, The Netherlands Cuthbert MS, Ariza C (2010) music21: a toolkit for computer-aided musicology and symbolic music data. In: 11th international society of music information retrieval conference (ISMIR), Utrecht, The Netherlands
15.
go back to reference Dai Z, Yang Z, Yang Y, Carbonell J, Le QV, Salakhutdinov R (2019) Transformer-XL: attentive language models beyond a fixed-length context. In: Assoication of computational linguistics (ACL), Florence, Italy Dai Z, Yang Z, Yang Y, Carbonell J, Le QV, Salakhutdinov R (2019) Transformer-XL: attentive language models beyond a fixed-length context. In: Assoication of computational linguistics (ACL), Florence, Italy
16.
go back to reference Donahue C, Lipton ZC, Balsubramani A, McAuley J (2018) Semantically decomposing the latent spaces of generative adversarial networks. In: 6th international conference on learning representations (ICLR), Vancouver, Canada Donahue C, Lipton ZC, Balsubramani A, McAuley J (2018) Semantically decomposing the latent spaces of generative adversarial networks. In: 6th international conference on learning representations (ICLR), Vancouver, Canada
17.
go back to reference Eastwood C, Williams CKI (2018) A framework for the quantitative evaluation of disentangled representations. In: 6th international conference on learning representations (ICLR), Vancouver, Canada Eastwood C, Williams CKI (2018) A framework for the quantitative evaluation of disentangled representations. In: 6th international conference on learning representations (ICLR), Vancouver, Canada
18.
go back to reference Engel J, Hoffman M, Roberts A (2017) Latent constraints: learning to generate conditionally from unconditional generative models. In: 5th international conference on learning representations (ICLR), Toulon, France Engel J, Hoffman M, Roberts A (2017) Latent constraints: learning to generate conditionally from unconditional generative models. In: 5th international conference on learning representations (ICLR), Toulon, France
19.
go back to reference Gatys LA, Ecker AS, Bethge M (2016) Image style transfer using convolutional neural networks. In: IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR), Las Vegas, USA, pp 2414–2423 Gatys LA, Ecker AS, Bethge M (2016) Image style transfer using convolutional neural networks. In: IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR), Las Vegas, USA, pp 2414–2423
20.
go back to reference Goodfellow I, Pouget-Abadie J, Mirza M, Xu B, Warde-Farley D, Ozair S, Courville A, Bengio Y (2014) Generative adversarial nets. In: Advances in neural information processing systems 27 (NeurIPS), pp 2672–2680 Goodfellow I, Pouget-Abadie J, Mirza M, Xu B, Warde-Farley D, Ozair S, Courville A, Bengio Y (2014) Generative adversarial nets. In: Advances in neural information processing systems 27 (NeurIPS), pp 2672–2680
21.
go back to reference Hadjeres G, Nielsen F, Pachet F (2017) GLSR-VAE: geodesic latent space regularization for variational autoencoder architectures. In: IEEE symposium series on computational intelligence (SSCI), Hawaii, USA, pp 1–7 Hadjeres G, Nielsen F, Pachet F (2017) GLSR-VAE: geodesic latent space regularization for variational autoencoder architectures. In: IEEE symposium series on computational intelligence (SSCI), Hawaii, USA, pp 1–7
22.
go back to reference Higgins I, Matthey L, Pal A, Burgess C, Glorot X, Botvinick MM, Mohamed S, Lerchner A (2017) $\beta $-VAE: learning basic visual concepts with a constrained variational framework. In: 5th international conference on learning representations (ICLR), Toulon, France Higgins I, Matthey L, Pal A, Burgess C, Glorot X, Botvinick MM, Mohamed S, Lerchner A (2017) $\beta $-VAE: learning basic visual concepts with a constrained variational framework. In: 5th international conference on learning representations (ICLR), Toulon, France
23.
go back to reference Hsu WN, Zhang Y, Glass J (2017) Learning latent representations for speech generation and transformation. In: 18th Interspeech, Stockholm, Sweeden Hsu WN, Zhang Y, Glass J (2017) Learning latent representations for speech generation and transformation. In: 18th Interspeech, Stockholm, Sweeden
24.
go back to reference Huang CZA, Vaswani A, Uszkoreit J, Simon I, Hawthorne C, Shazeer N, Dai AM, Hoffman MD, Dinculescu M, Eck D (2018) Music transformer: generating music with long-term structure. In: 6th international conference on learning representations (ICLR), Vancouver, Canada Huang CZA, Vaswani A, Uszkoreit J, Simon I, Hawthorne C, Shazeer N, Dai AM, Hoffman MD, Dinculescu M, Eck D (2018) Music transformer: generating music with long-term structure. In: 6th international conference on learning representations (ICLR), Vancouver, Canada
25.
go back to reference Jozefowicz R, Zaremba W, Sutskever I (2015) An empirical exploration of recurrent network architectures. In: 32nd international conference on machine learning (ICML), Lille, France Jozefowicz R, Zaremba W, Sutskever I (2015) An empirical exploration of recurrent network architectures. In: 32nd international conference on machine learning (ICML), Lille, France
26.
go back to reference Kim H, Mnih A (2018) Disentangling by factorising. In: 35th international conference on machine learning (ICML), Stockholm, Sweeden Kim H, Mnih A (2018) Disentangling by factorising. In: 35th international conference on machine learning (ICML), Stockholm, Sweeden
27.
go back to reference Kingma DP, Ba J (2015) Adam: a method for stochastic optimization. In: 3rd international conference on learning representations (ICLR), San Diego, USA Kingma DP, Ba J (2015) Adam: a method for stochastic optimization. In: 3rd international conference on learning representations (ICLR), San Diego, USA
28.
go back to reference Kingma DP, Welling M (2014) Auto-encoding variational Bayes. In: 2nd international conference on learning representations (ICLR), Banff, Canada Kingma DP, Welling M (2014) Auto-encoding variational Bayes. In: 2nd international conference on learning representations (ICLR), Banff, Canada
29.
go back to reference Klambauer G, Unterthiner T, Mayr A, Hochreiter S (2017) Self-normalizing neural networks. In: Advances in neural information processing systems 30 (NeurIPS), pp 971–980 Klambauer G, Unterthiner T, Mayr A, Hochreiter S (2017) Self-normalizing neural networks. In: Advances in neural information processing systems 30 (NeurIPS), pp 971–980
30.
go back to reference Kulkarni TD, Whitney WF, Kohli P, Tenenbaum J (2015) Deep convolutional inverse graphics network. In: Advances in neural information processing systems 28 (NeurIPS), pp 2539–2547 Kulkarni TD, Whitney WF, Kohli P, Tenenbaum J (2015) Deep convolutional inverse graphics network. In: Advances in neural information processing systems 28 (NeurIPS), pp 2539–2547
32.
go back to reference Kumar A, Sattigeri P, Balakrishnan A (2017) Variational inference of disentangled latent concepts from unlabeled observations. In: 5th international conference on learning representations (ICLR), Toulon, France Kumar A, Sattigeri P, Balakrishnan A (2017) Variational inference of disentangled latent concepts from unlabeled observations. In: 5th international conference on learning representations (ICLR), Toulon, France
33.
go back to reference Lample G, Zeghidour N, Usunier N, Bordes A, Denoyer L, Ranzato MA (2017) Fader networks: manipulating images by sliding attributes. In: Advances in neural information processing systems 30 (NeurIPS), pp 5967–5976 Lample G, Zeghidour N, Usunier N, Bordes A, Denoyer L, Ranzato MA (2017) Fader networks: manipulating images by sliding attributes. In: Advances in neural information processing systems 30 (NeurIPS), pp 5967–5976
34.
go back to reference Ledig C, Theis L, Huszar F, Caballero J, Cunningham A, Acosta A, Aitken A, Tejani A, Totz J, Wang Z, Shi W (2017) Photo-realistic single image super-resolution using a generative adversarial network. In: IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR), Hawaii, USA, pp 4681–4690 Ledig C, Theis L, Huszar F, Caballero J, Cunningham A, Acosta A, Aitken A, Tejani A, Totz J, Wang Z, Shi W (2017) Photo-realistic single image super-resolution using a generative adversarial network. In: IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR), Hawaii, USA, pp 4681–4690
35.
go back to reference Liu Z, Luo P, Wang X, Tang X (2015) Deep learning face attributes in the wild. In: Proceedings of the IEEE international conference on computer vision (ICCV), Santiago, Chile, pp 3730–3738 Liu Z, Luo P, Wang X, Tang X (2015) Deep learning face attributes in the wild. In: Proceedings of the IEEE international conference on computer vision (ICCV), Santiago, Chile, pp 3730–3738
36.
go back to reference Locatello F, Bauer S, Lucic M, Rätsch G, Gelly S, Schölkopf B, Bachem O (2019) Challenging common assumptions in the unsupervised learning of disentangled representations. In: 36th international conference on machine learning (ICML), Long Beach, California, USA Locatello F, Bauer S, Lucic M, Rätsch G, Gelly S, Schölkopf B, Bachem O (2019) Challenging common assumptions in the unsupervised learning of disentangled representations. In: 36th international conference on machine learning (ICML), Long Beach, California, USA
38.
go back to reference Mikolov T, Sutskever I, Chen K, Corrado GS, Dean J (2013) Distributed representations of words and phrases and their compositionality. In: Advances in neural information processing systems 26 (NeurIPS), pp 3111–3119 Mikolov T, Sutskever I, Chen K, Corrado GS, Dean J (2013) Distributed representations of words and phrases and their compositionality. In: Advances in neural information processing systems 26 (NeurIPS), pp 3111–3119
39.
go back to reference Mirza M, Osindero S (2014) Conditional generative adversarial nets. arXiv:1411.1784 [cs, stat] Mirza M, Osindero S (2014) Conditional generative adversarial nets. arXiv:1411.1784 [cs, stat]
40.
go back to reference Pati A, Lerch A, Hadjeres G (2019) Learning to traverse latent spaces for musical score inpainting. In: 20th international society for music information retrieval conference (ISMIR), Delft, The Netherlands Pati A, Lerch A, Hadjeres G (2019) Learning to traverse latent spaces for musical score inpainting. In: 20th international society for music information retrieval conference (ISMIR), Delft, The Netherlands
41.
go back to reference Razavi A, van den Oord A, Vinyals O (2019) Generating diverse high-fidelity images with VQ-VAE-2. In: Advances in neural information processing systems 32 (NeurIPS), pp 14866–14876 Razavi A, van den Oord A, Vinyals O (2019) Generating diverse high-fidelity images with VQ-VAE-2. In: Advances in neural information processing systems 32 (NeurIPS), pp 14866–14876
42.
go back to reference Reed SE, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Lee H (2015) Deep visual analogy-making. In: Advances in neural information processing systems 28 (NeurIPS), pp 1252–1260 Reed SE, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Lee H (2015) Deep visual analogy-making. In: Advances in neural information processing systems 28 (NeurIPS), pp 1252–1260
43.
go back to reference Rezende DJ, Mohamed S (2015) Variational inference with normalizing flows. In: 32nd international conference on machine learning (ICML), Lille, France. ArXiv: 1505.05770 Rezende DJ, Mohamed S (2015) Variational inference with normalizing flows. In: 32nd international conference on machine learning (ICML), Lille, France. ArXiv: 1505.05770
44.
go back to reference Ridgeway K, Mozer MC (2018) Learning deep disentangled embeddings with the F-statistic loss. In: Advances in neural information processing systems 31 (NeurIPS), pp 185–194 Ridgeway K, Mozer MC (2018) Learning deep disentangled embeddings with the F-statistic loss. In: Advances in neural information processing systems 31 (NeurIPS), pp 185–194
45.
go back to reference Roberts A, Engel J, Oore S, Eck D (2018) Learning latent representations of music to generate interactive musical palettes. In: Intelligent user interfaces workshops (IUI), Tokyo, Japan Roberts A, Engel J, Oore S, Eck D (2018) Learning latent representations of music to generate interactive musical palettes. In: Intelligent user interfaces workshops (IUI), Tokyo, Japan
46.
go back to reference Roberts A, Engel J, Raffel C, Hawthorne C, Eck D (2018) A hierarchical latent vector model for learning long-term structure in music. In: 35th international conference on machine learning (ICML), Stockholm, Sweeden Roberts A, Engel J, Raffel C, Hawthorne C, Eck D (2018) A hierarchical latent vector model for learning long-term structure in music. In: 35th international conference on machine learning (ICML), Stockholm, Sweeden
47.
go back to reference Rubenstein P, Scholkopf B, Tolstikhin I (2018) Learning disentangled representations with wasserstein auto-encoders. In: 6th international conference on learning representations (ICLR), workshop track, Vancouver, Canada Rubenstein P, Scholkopf B, Tolstikhin I (2018) Learning disentangled representations with wasserstein auto-encoders. In: 6th international conference on learning representations (ICLR), workshop track, Vancouver, Canada
48.
go back to reference Sohn K, Lee H, Yan X (2015) Learning structured output representation using deep conditional generative models. In: Advances in neural information processing systems 28 (NeurIPS) Sohn K, Lee H, Yan X (2015) Learning structured output representation using deep conditional generative models. In: Advances in neural information processing systems 28 (NeurIPS)
49.
go back to reference Sturm BL, Santos JF, Ben-Tal O, Korshunova I (2016) Music transcription modelling and composition using deep learning. In: 1st international conference on computer simulation of musical creativity (CSMC), Huddersfield, UK Sturm BL, Santos JF, Ben-Tal O, Korshunova I (2016) Music transcription modelling and composition using deep learning. In: 1st international conference on computer simulation of musical creativity (CSMC), Huddersfield, UK
50.
go back to reference Toussaint G (2002) A mathematical analysis of African, Brazilian and Cuban Clave rhythms. In: BRIDGES: mathematical connections in art, music and science, pp 157–168 Toussaint G (2002) A mathematical analysis of African, Brazilian and Cuban Clave rhythms. In: BRIDGES: mathematical connections in art, music and science, pp 157–168
51.
go back to reference van den Oord A, Kalchbrenner N, Espeholt L, kavukcuoglu K, Vinyals O, Graves A (2016) Conditional image generation with PixelCNN decoders. In: Advances in neural information processing systems 29 (NeurIPS), pp 4790–4798 van den Oord A, Kalchbrenner N, Espeholt L, kavukcuoglu K, Vinyals O, Graves A (2016) Conditional image generation with PixelCNN decoders. In: Advances in neural information processing systems 29 (NeurIPS), pp 4790–4798
52.
go back to reference Vincent P, Larochelle H, Bengio Y, Manzagol PA (2008) Extracting and composing robust features with denoising autoencoders. In: 25th international conference on machine learning (ICML), Helsinki, Finland, pp 1096–1103 Vincent P, Larochelle H, Bengio Y, Manzagol PA (2008) Extracting and composing robust features with denoising autoencoders. In: 25th international conference on machine learning (ICML), Helsinki, Finland, pp 1096–1103
53.
go back to reference Wang Y, Stanton D, Zhang Y, Skerry-Ryan RJ, Battenberg E, Shor J, Xiao Y, Ren F, Jia Y, Saurous RA (2018) Style tokens: unsupervised style modeling, control and transfer in end-to-end speech synthesis. In: 35th international conference on machine learning (ICML), Stockholm, Sweeden Wang Y, Stanton D, Zhang Y, Skerry-Ryan RJ, Battenberg E, Shor J, Xiao Y, Ren F, Jia Y, Saurous RA (2018) Style tokens: unsupervised style modeling, control and transfer in end-to-end speech synthesis. In: 35th international conference on machine learning (ICML), Stockholm, Sweeden
54.
go back to reference Yan X, Yang J, Sohn K, Lee H (2016) Attribute2Image: conditional image generation from visual attributes. In: Leibe B, Matas J, Sebe N, Welling M (eds) European conference for computer vision (ECCV), Amsterdam, The Netherlands, pp 776–791 Yan X, Yang J, Sohn K, Lee H (2016) Attribute2Image: conditional image generation from visual attributes. In: Leibe B, Matas J, Sebe N, Welling M (eds) European conference for computer vision (ECCV), Amsterdam, The Netherlands, pp 776–791
55.
go back to reference Yang J, Reed SE, Yang MH, Lee H (2015) Weakly-supervised disentangling with recurrent transformations for 3D view synthesis. In: Advances in neural information processing systems 28 (NeurIPS), pp 1099–1107 Yang J, Reed SE, Yang MH, Lee H (2015) Weakly-supervised disentangling with recurrent transformations for 3D view synthesis. In: Advances in neural information processing systems 28 (NeurIPS), pp 1099–1107
56.
go back to reference Zhang Y, Gan Z, Fan K, Chen Z, Henao R, Shen D, Carin L (2017) Adversarial feature matching for text generation. In: 34th international conference on machine learning (ICML), Sydney, Australia, pp 4006–4015 Zhang Y, Gan Z, Fan K, Chen Z, Henao R, Shen D, Carin L (2017) Adversarial feature matching for text generation. In: 34th international conference on machine learning (ICML), Sydney, Australia, pp 4006–4015
Metadata
Title
Attribute-based regularization of latent spaces for variational auto-encoders
Authors
Ashis Pati
Alexander Lerch
Publication date
07-08-2020
Publisher
Springer London
Published in
Neural Computing and Applications / Issue 9/2021
Print ISSN: 0941-0643
Electronic ISSN: 1433-3058
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-020-05270-2

Other articles of this Issue 9/2021

Neural Computing and Applications 9/2021 Go to the issue

Premium Partner