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2024 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

8. Augusto Boal in the Asylum Home: Theatre of the Oppressed for Social Entrepreneurship

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Abstract

This chapter delves into the potential for social entrepreneurship to empower asylum seekers in Slovenia through participatory methodologies, aiming to yield emancipatory outcomes. Grounded in a series of workshops convened at the Asylum Residence on Kotnikova Street in Ljubljana, during 2021, wherein diverse stakeholders collaborated with asylum seekers, the study explored an array of practices, interventions and techniques, with the intent of engendering emancipatory advancements within the sphere of labour market integration. Informed by antecedent research and experiences at the Slovenian Migration Institute ZRC SAZU, it discerned an imperative to support asylum seekers and refugees nurturing entrepreneurial aspirations—particularly towards establishing social enterprises in Slovenia—given the post-2015–16 “Crisis of the EU border regime”. This initiative drew inspiration from the educational tenets promulgated by Paulo Freire’s pedagogy of the oppressed and Augusto Boal’s theatre of the oppressed. The workshops and methodology provided information that would otherwise have been difficult or impossible to obtain, and their results were useful to all participants, but the process was complex and the progress was slow, as there were constant methodological, theoretical and content discords between all involved.

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Footnotes
1
We use the term “refugee” when speaking about people with international protection status and “asylum seeker” when speaking about people who have submitted a request for such status, but have not yet been recognized as forcibly displaced.
 
2
NIEM stands for National Integration Evaluation Mechanism. It is an Asylum, Migration and Integration Fund (AMIF) EU-sponsored project. Find more on http://​www.​forintegration.​eu/​
 
3
“Boosting social entrepreneurship and social enterprise development in Slovenia—In-depth policy review”.
 
4
The troika is a term used to refer to the single decision group created by three entities, the European Commission (EC), the European Central Bank (ECB) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). It was formed in the aftermath of the European debt crisis 2008–2011 as an ad hoc authority with a mandate to manage the bailouts of Cyprus, Greece, Ireland and Portugal.
 
5
The main foundations for social entrepreneurship in Slovenia were the adoption of the Social Entrepreneurship Act in 2011 and its revision in 2018. Moreover, the transfer of the responsibility for social enterprises from the Ministry of Economic Development and Technology to the Ministry of Labour, Family, Social Affairs and Equal Opportunities meant a reinforcement of the business orientation in social enterprises.
 
6
Cultural association, https://​zavodglobal.​si/​
 
7
Independent Trade Union of Workers in Slovenia, https://​nsds-sindikat.​si/​
 
8
Workers Advice Center Trade Union, https://​delavskasvetoval​nica.​si/​
 
9
Slovenian Association of the Free Trade Unions, https://​www.​zsss.​si/​
 
11
Odnos (relationship) association, involved in orientation and integration programs for the migrants, https://​www.​odnos.​si/​
 
12
Slovene Philanthropy, Association for Promotion of Volunteering, https://​www.​filantropija.​org/​en/​migration/​
 
13
Migrant collective, continuation of the Second home, https://​www.​facebook.​com/​infokolpa/​?​locale=​sl_​SI
 
15
Danube Region Information Platform for Economic Integration of Migrants, https://​www.​interreg-danube.​eu/​approved-projects/​drim
 
16
The Urban Diversity project addressed the themes of migrant entrepreneurs, creativity and cross-border cooperation. http://​www.​urbandiversity.​eu/​
 
17
Social Innovation for Refugees (SIforREF) improved policies for the inclusion of refugees into society and labour market through socially innovative policies and practices. https://​programme2014-20.​interreg-central.​eu/​Content.​Node/​SiforREF.​html
 
18
Boosting Entrepreneurial Skills as Tool of Integration of migrants to labour market (BEST), https://​www.​facebook.​com/​project.​BEST.​amif/​
 
19
The daily workshops lasted between four and five hours, depending on the mood of the group and the interest expressed by the asylum seekers.
 
20
Illegal group expulsion across a border.
 
21
The EU Dublin Regulation provides the legal basis and procedural rules for establishing the criteria and mechanisms for determining the state responsible for examining an application for international protection made in one of the participating states by a third-country national or a stateless person.
 
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Metadata
Title
Augusto Boal in the Asylum Home: Theatre of the Oppressed for Social Entrepreneurship
Author
Jure Gombač
Copyright Year
2024
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-55791-0_8

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