Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene are typical low-dimensional nanomaterials with large specific surface area and exceptional band structures. For example, single-walled CNTs (SWCNTs) can be considered as an ideal 1D quantum wires and possess novel electronics and optical properties which are strongly depended on the chiral indices and surface states. While monolayer graphene is a true 2D system in which also exhibits many exceptional electronics and optical properties closely related to the band structures. Therefore, understanding the basic physics of CNTs and graphene is very critical to exploring high performance carbon-based electronic and optical devices. In this chapter, the basic atomic structures of SWCNTs and graphene are first introduced, and then we will mainly introduce their electronics and optical properties since this book mainly focuses on carbon-based photoelectric devices.