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2013 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

13. Bone Grease Rendering in Mousterian Contexts: The Case of Noisetier Cave (Fréchet-Aure, Hautes-Pyrénées, France)

Author : Sandrine Costamagno

Published in: Zooarchaeology and Modern Human Origins

Publisher: Springer Netherlands

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Abstract

Fat is essential for hunter-gatherers with a diet relying heavily on meat. It is particularly valued in temperate and subarctic environments during seasons when ungulates are fat-depleted. Techniques for extracting marrow from the medullae of limb bones were used early on by Plio-Pleistocene hominids, while techniques to mobilize the fat contained in cancellous bones may have emerged in the Upper Paleolithic. Analyses of the Mousterian archaeofauna of Noisetier Cave indicate that bone fat extraction could have already existed in Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3.

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previous chapter Neanderthals and Cave Hyenas: Co-existence, Competition or Conflict?

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Determination by Boudadi Maligne.

76 % of these remains are less than 2 cm long.

Tooth fragments excluded.

The Normed NISPs (NNISP) represent “the skeletal part NISP values divided by the number of times the relevant part occurs in the skeleton of the animal involved” (Grayson and Frey 2004, p. 31). For %NNISP, the highest NNISP is set to 100 % and the rest of the NNISP values are scaled to that figure.

When the marrow is extracted.

Excavated by Gilles from 1977 to 1988.

Excavated by de Lumley from 1955 to 1969.

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Title: Bone Grease Rendering in Mousterian Contexts: The Case of Noisetier Cave (Fréchet-Aure, Hautes-Pyrénées, France)
Author: Sandrine Costamagno
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Book: Zooarchaeology and Modern Human Origins
Print ISBN: 978-94-007-6765-2

Electronic ISBN: 978-94-007-6766-9

Copyright Year: 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6766-9_13