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Modulation of the Pancreatic Hormone, Glucagon by the Gut Peptide, GLP-1: Controversies, Challenges and Future Directions Read chapter Read first chapter

2018 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

15. Cation Influence on Zirconium/Hafnium Fluoride Coordination

Authors : Steven J. Lötter, Walter Purcell, Johann T. Nel, Bernardus van Brecht

Published in: Emerging Trends in Chemical Sciences

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

Interest in the Zr and Hf fluoride compounds stemmed from a need for water soluble reference materials (RM) for analytical method development and validation of Zr/Hf containing materials and minerals. Numerous mono-valent inorganic (alkali metals) and organic (ammonium type) cations were used to try and isolate the (Zr/Hf)F6 2− anions.
$$ \left(\mathrm{Zr}/\mathrm{Hf}\right){\mathrm{F}}_4+2\mathrm{MF}\overset{\mathrm{H}\mathrm{F}}{\to }{\mathrm{M}}_2\left(\mathrm{Zr}/\mathrm{Hf}\right){\mathrm{F}}_6\left(\mathrm{M}={\mathrm{K}}^{+},{\mathrm{Rb}}^{+},{\mathrm{C}\mathrm{s}}^{+},{{\mathrm{NH}}_4}^{+},\mathrm{N}{{\left({\mathrm{C}}_2{\mathrm{H}}_5\right)}_4}^{+},{{\mathrm{PPh}}_4}^{+}\right) $$
The structures that were isolated for some of these cations indicated the profound influence of the cation on the type and coordination of the metal-fluorido bonds in these compounds. The coordination number of the metal center changed from eight for K+ (smallest of alkali metals) to six for Cs+ (largest of alkali metals) while the type of metal-fluorido bonds ranged from a combination of mono-, di- and tri-bridged to no bridging at all, depending on the size and type of cations used during the crystallization.

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Metadata
Title
Cation Influence on Zirconium/Hafnium Fluoride Coordination
Authors
Steven J. Lötter
Walter Purcell
Johann T. Nel
Bernardus van Brecht
Copyright Year
2018
Book
Emerging Trends in Chemical Sciences

Print ISBN: 978-3-319-60407-7

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-60408-4

Copyright Year: 2018

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60408-4_15

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