Top

Published in:

2020 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

6. Chemical Recycling of Electronic-Waste for Clean Fuel Production

Authors : Jayaseelan Arun, Kannappan Panchamoorthy Gopinath

Published in: E-waste Recycling and Management

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config

AI-assisted search

Off

Abstract

Electronic-waste was the main waste stream raising concern to the researchers globally. Improper recycling and disposal techniques resulted in solemn effects on the atmosphere and public well-being. This chapter explains the systematic methods used for management of Electronic-waste. Electronic-waste managing would be an ideal start-up business platform toward energy production and metal recovery. The recycling pathways are designed by considering the current industrial reality and design strategies. Chemical recycling is a compilation of pyrolysis, catalytic cracking/upgrading, gasification, and chemolysis methods. Pyrolyzing of Electronic-waste prior to catalytic cracking method yielded high-quality oil. This oil can be further upgraded into clean fuels. Integrated process (pyrolysis and catalytic upgrading) results in considerable financial and ecological benefits during processing Electronic-waste into clean fuels.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

previous chapter Recycling Challenges for Electronic Consumer Products to E-Waste: A Developing Countries’ Perspective

next chapter Management of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment in European Union Countries: A Comparison

Abduli MA, Naghib A, Yonesi M, Akbari A (2011) Life cycle assessment (LCA) of solid waste management strategies in Tehran: landfill and composting plus landfill. Environ Monit Assess 178:487–498CrossRef

Abnisa F, Daud WMAW (2014) A review on co-pyrolysis of biomass: an optional technique to obtain high-grade pyrolysis oil. Energy Convers Manag 87:71–85CrossRef

Balaz P (2008) Mechanochemistry in nanoscience and minerals engineering. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg

Balaz P, Achimovieova M, Balaz M, Billik P, Cherkezova-Zheleva Z, Criado JM et al (2013) Hallmarks of mechanochemistry: from nanoparticles to technology. Chem Soc Rev 42:7571CrossRef

Balde C, Wang F, Kuehr R, Huisman J (2015) The global electronic waste monitor. United Nations University, IAS–SCYCLE, Bonn

Bhaskar T, Matsui T, Kaneko J, Uddin MA, Muto A, Sakata Y (2002) Novel calcium based sorbent (Ca-C) for the dehalogenation (Br, Cl) process during halogenated mixed plastic (PP/PE/PS/PVC and HIPS-Br) pyrolysis. Green Chem 4:372–375CrossRef

Bian J, Bai H, Li W, Yin J, Xu H (2016) Comparative environmental life cycle assessment of waste mobile phone recycling in China. J Clean Prod 131:209–218CrossRef

British Plastics Federation (2008) Oil consumption: what happens to plastics when the oil runs out and when will it run out. Available from: http://www.bpf.co.uk/press/Oil_Consumption.aspx

Buratti C, Barbanera M, Testarmata F, Fantozzi F (2015) Life cycle assessment of organic waste management strategies: an Italian case study. J Clean Prod 89:125–136CrossRef

De-Souza RG, Climaco JCN, Sant’Anna AP, Rocha TB, do Valle RDB, Quelhas OLG (2016) Sustainability assessment and prioritisation of electronic waste management options in Brazil. Waste Manag 57:46–56CrossRef

Erses-Yay AS (2015) Application of life cycle assessment (LCA) for municipal solid waste management: a case study of Sakarya. J Clean Prod 94:284–293CrossRef

Freegard K, Tan G, Coggins-Wamtech C, Environmental DFD, Alger M, Cracknell P et al (2006) Develop a process to separate brominated flame retardants from WASTE ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENTS polymers. (Final Report). The Waste & Resources Action Programme, London

Fujimori T, Takigami H, Agusa T, Eguchi A, Bekki K, Yoshida A, Terazono A, Ballesteros FC (2012) Impact of metals in surface matrices from formal and informal electronic-waste recycling around Metro Manila, the Philippines, and intra-Asian comparison. J Hazard Mater 221:139–146CrossRef

Grause G, Karakita D, Ishibashi J, Kameda T, Bhaskar T, Yoshioka T (2011) TGMS investigation of brominated products from the degradation of brominated flame retardants in high-impact polystyrene. Chemosphere 85:368–373CrossRef

Grause G, Fonseca JD, Tanaka H, Bhaskar T, Kameda T, Yoshioka T (2015) A novel process for the removal of bromine from styrene polymers containing brominated flame retardant. Polym Degrad Stab 112:86–93CrossRef

Guo J, Guo J, Xu ZM (2009) Recycling of non-metallic fractions from waste printed circuit boards: a review. J Hazard Mater 168:567–590CrossRef

Guo X, Xiang D, Duan G, Mou P (2010) A review of mechanochemistry applications in waste management. Waste Manag 30:4–10CrossRef

Hall WJ, Williams PT (2006) Pyrolysis of brominated feedstock plastic in a fluidised bed reactor. J Anal Appl Pyrolysis 77:75–82CrossRef

Hansen LA, Nielsen HP, Frandsen FJ, Dam-Johansen K, Hørlyck S, Karlsson A (2000) Influence of deposit formation on corrosion at a straw-fired boiler. Fuel Process Technol 64:189–209CrossRef

Hong J, Shi W, Wang Y, Chen W, Li X (2015) Life cycle assessment of electronic waste treatment. Waste Manag 38:357–365CrossRef

Hossain M, Al-Hamadani S, Rahman R (2015) Electronic waste: a challenge for sustainable development. J Health Pollut 5:550–555

Huang Q, Liu W, Peng P, Huang W (2013) Reductive debromination of tetra bromobisphenol a by Pd/Fe bimetallic catalysts. Chemosphere 92:1321–1327CrossRef

Huisman J, Magalini F, Kuehr R, Maurer C, Ogilvie S, Poll J et al (2008) Review of directive 2002/96 on waste electrical and electronic equipment (WASTE ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENTS). United Nations University, Bonn

Ikhlayel M (2017) Environmental impacts and benefits of state-of-the-art technologies for electronic waste management. Waste Manag 68:458–474CrossRef

Ikhlayel M, Higano Y, Yabar H, Mizunoya T (2016) Introducing an integrated municipal solid waste management system: assessment in Jordan. J Sustain Dev 9:43CrossRef

Jiang P, Harney M, Song Y, Chen B, Chen Q, Chen T, Lazarus G, Dubois LH, Korzenski MB (2012) Improving the end-of-life for electronic materials via sustainable recycling methods. Procedia Environ Sci 16:485–490CrossRef

Jin Y, Tao L, Chi Y, Yan J (2011) Conversion of bromine during thermal decomposition of printed circuit boards at high temperature. J Hazard Mater 186:707–712CrossRef

Jung SH, Kim SJ, Kim JS (2012) Thermal degradation of acrylonitrile–butadiene– styrene (ABS) containing flame retardants using a fluidized bed reactor: the effects of ca-based additives on halogen removal. Fuel Process Technol 96:265–270CrossRef

Leung A, Cai ZW, Wong MH (2006) Environmental contamination from electronic waste recycling at Guiyu, Southeast China. J Mater Cycles Waste Manage 8:21–33CrossRef

Li J, Zeng X, Chen M, Ogunseitan OA, Stevels A (2015) “Control-Alt-Delete”: rebooting solutions for the electronic waste problem. Environ Sci Technol 49:7095–7108CrossRef

Lopez A, de Marco I, Caballero BM, Laresgoiti MF, Adrados A (2011) Dechlorination of fuels in pyrolysis of PVC containing plastic wastes. Fuel Process Technol 92:253–260CrossRef

Lopez G, Ekiaga A, Amutio M, Bilbao J, Olazar M (2015) Effect of polyethylene co-feeding in the steam gasification of biomass in a conical spouted bed reactor. Fuel 153:393–401CrossRef

McCann D, Wittmann A (2015) Solving the electronic waste problem (Step) green paper: E- waste Prevention, take-back system design and policy approaches. United Nations University/Step Initiative, Germany

Miskolczi N, Hall WJ, Angyal A, Bartha L, Williams PT (2008) Production of oil with low organobromine content from the pyrolysis of flame retarded HIPS and ABS plastics. J Anal Appl Pyrolsis 83:115–123CrossRef

Nnorom IC, Osibanjo O (2008a) Overview of electronic waste (electronic waste) management practices and legislations, and their poor applications in the developing countries. Resour Conserv Recycl 52:843–858CrossRef

Nnorom IC, Osibanjo O (2008b) Sound management of brominated flame retarded (BFR) plastics from electronic wastes: state of the art and options in Nigeria. Resour Conserv Recycl 52:1362–1372CrossRef

Ongondo FO, Williams ID, Cherrett TJ (2011) How are WASTE ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENTS doing? A global review of the management of electrical and electronic wastes. Waste Manag 31:714–730CrossRef

Perez-Belis V, Bovea M, Ibanez-Fores V (2015) An in-depth literature review of the waste electrical and electronic equipment context: trends and evolution. Waste Manag Res 33:3–29CrossRef

Rahmani M, Nabizadeh R, Yaghmaeian K, Mahvi AH, Yunesian M (2014) Estimation of waste from computers and mobile phones in Iran. Resour Conserv Recycl 87:21–29CrossRef

Seitz J (2014) Analysis of existing electronic waste practices in MENA countries. The regional solid waste exchange of information and expertise network in Mashreq and Maghreb Countries (SWEEP-Net)

SEPA (2011) Recycling and disposal of electronic waste: health hazards and environmental impacts. Naturvårdsverket, Stockholm

Shen Y, Zhao R, Wang J, Chen X, Ge X, Chen M (2016) Waste-to-energy: De-halogenation of plastic-containing wastes. Waste Manag 49:287–303CrossRef

Shen Y, Chen X, Ge X, Chen M (2018) Chemical pyrolysis of electronic waste plastics: char characterization. J Environ Manag 214:94–103CrossRef

Shibasaki Y, Kamimori T, Kadokawa J, Hatano B, Tagaya H (2004) Decomposition reactions of plastic model compounds in sub and supercritical water. Polym Degrad Stab 83:481–485CrossRef

Song Q, Li J (2015) A review on human health consequences of metals exposure to electronic waste in China. Environ Pollut 196:450–461CrossRef

Song QB, Wang ZS, Li JH (2013) Sustainability evaluation of electronic waste treatment based on emergy analysis and the LCA method: a case study of a trial project in Macau. Ecol Indic 30:138–147CrossRef

Starnes WH (2012) How and to what extent are free radicals involved in the nonoxidative thermal dehydrochlorination of poly (vinyl chloride)? J Vinyl Addit Technol 18:71–75CrossRef

Stevels A, Huisman J, Wang F, Li J, Li B, Duan H (2013) Take back and treatment of discarded electronics: a scientific update. Front Environ Sci Eng 7:475–482CrossRef

Thanh NP, Matsui Y (2013) Assessment of potential impacts of municipal solid waste treatment alternatives by using life cycle approach: a case study in Vietnam. Environ Monit Assess 185:7993–8004CrossRef

Vehlow J, Bergfeldt B, Hunsinger H, Seifert H, Mark FE (2003) Bromine in waste incineration: partitioning and influence on metal volatilisation. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 10:329–334CrossRef

Vilaplana F, Karlsson S (2008) Quality concepts for the improved use of recycled polymeric materials: a review. Macromol Mater Eng 293:274–297CrossRef

Wang Y, Zhang FS (2012) Degradation of brominated flame retardant in computer housing plastic by supercritical fluids. J Hazard Mater 205–206:156–163CrossRef

Widmer R, Oswald-Krapf H, Sinha-Khetriwal D, Schnellmann M, Boni H (2005) Global perspectives on electronic waste. Environ Impact Assess Rev 25:436–458CrossRef

William JH, Paul TW (2007) Separation and recovery of materials from scrap printed circuit boards. Res Conserv Recycl 51:691–709CrossRef

Wu C, Williams PT (2013) Advanced thermal treatment of wastes for fuels, chemicals and materials recovery. In: Hester RE, Harrison RM (eds) Waste as a resource. The Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, pp 1–43

Wu H, Shen Y, Harada N, An Q, Yoshikawa K (2014) Production of pyrolysis oil with low bromine and antimony contents from plastic material containing brominated flame retardants and antimony trioxide. Energy Environ Res 4:105–118CrossRef

Xue M, Kendall A, Xu Z, Schoenung JM (2015) Waste management of printed wiring boards: a life cycle assessment of the metals recycling chain from liberation through refining. Environ Sci Technol 49:940–947CrossRef

Yan W, Hastings JT, Acharjee TC, Coronella CJ, Vásquez VR (2010) Mass and energy balances of wet torrefaction of lignocellulosic biomass. Energy Fuel 24:4738–4742CrossRef

Yu J, Sun L, Ma C, Qiao Y, Yao H (2016) Thermal degradation of PVC: a review. Waste Manag 48:300–314CrossRef

Zhang S, Yoshikawa K, Nakagome H, Kamo T (2013) Kinetics of the steam gasification of a phenolic circuit board in the presence of carbonates. Appl Energy 101:815–821CrossRef

Zhuang Y, Ahn S, Seyfferth AL, Masue-Slowey Y, Fendorf S, Luthy RG (2011) Dehalogenation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and polychlorinated biphenyl by bimetallic, impregnated, and nanoscale zerovalent iron. Environ Sci Technol 45:4896–4903CrossRef

Title: Chemical Recycling of Electronic-Waste for Clean Fuel Production
Authors: Jayaseelan Arun
Kannappan Panchamoorthy Gopinath
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Book: E-waste Recycling and Management
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-14183-7

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-14184-4

Copyright Year: 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14184-4_6