Classification of the Methods for the Synthesis of Polyhydroxylated Fullerenes. Part 2. One‑Step and Multi‑Step Procedures

The article presents a detailed classification of methods for synthesizing polyhydroxylated fullerenes, focusing on one-step and multi-step procedures. It explores solid-state methods using alkali, mechanochemical reactions, and direct reactions with hydroxylating agents. The authors discuss the advantages of these methods, such as efficiency, selectivity, and environmental friendliness. They also highlight the challenges in achieving pure individual fullerenols and the need for further research to adapt these methods for industrial-scale production. The article concludes by emphasizing the potential applications of fullerenols in various fields, including biomedicine, electronics, and optics.