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Clifford Strategies in Interactive Protocols are Classically Simulatable

  • 2026
  • OriginalPaper
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Abstract

This chapter delves into the classical simulatability of Clifford strategies in interactive protocols, focusing on the Gottesman-Knill theorem and its implications for non-local games and quantum advantage verification. The text explores the limitations of quantum computation restricted to Clifford operations, examining the relationship between the emergence of non-local correlations and the use of non-Clifford computational resources. It discusses the power of Clifford-based quantum computation in the non-local setting, comparing different computational models and proving that any Clifford strategy can be classically simulated. The chapter also addresses the question of whether quantum advantage can be achieved with restricted Clifford operations, providing insights into the design of efficient protocols for verifying quantum advantage. Additionally, it outlines future research directions, such as understanding the decision power of quantum interactive proofs with a limited number of T gates and exploring the existence of limited computational models distinct from Clifford-based models that can achieve quantum advantage.

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Title
Clifford Strategies in Interactive Protocols are Classically Simulatable
Author
Itay Shalit
Copyright Year
2026
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-12296-4_4
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