Climate change is a gradual variance in the weather pattern that has a long-term impact on the planet at the global level. Over the last few decades, climate change has been visible in the form of variations in temperatures and weather patterns. The present study purposively selected Assam as the study region, the state that is most vulnerable to climate change in India. With this background, the study made an attempt to examine the effects of climate change on major growing crops in the state, such as rice, sugarcane, jute, tea, potatoes, wheat, oilseeds, maize, small millets, arhar, and gram crop production variability/sensitivity to the primary climatic variables (i.e., temperature, precipitation, and relative humidity). The crop production data were collected from the Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy (CMIE) Commodities Database, and the climatic data were collected from the Prediction of Worldwide Energy Resources (POWER) NASA database for the period 1991–2020. Multiple linear regression was employed to estimate the climate-driven variations in production and yield. The study found that more than 50% of production variation caused by climate factors occurs in rice (51%), wheat (65%), tea (55%), and small millets (60%), in which rice and tea are positively affected by relative humidity and wheat and small millets are negatively affected. In case of yield and climate effect, only rice has 58% of the variation in yield caused by relative humidity with a positive effect. The study also depicted temperature maximum and relative humidity as important climatic variables in Assam. To an extent, the study will also provide policy implications to cope with the climate change impacts.
