Climate change perceptions in Latin America: From regional consensus to sociodemographic differences

Despite its low contribution to greenhouse gases emission, Latin America is one of the most vulnerable regions to climate change. Economic, social, and political factors make difficult the preparation for ongoing and future impacts. Few studies have explored how people in this region perceive and respond to climate change. In this scenario, we conducted an online survey to address the following research question: How sociodemographic factors are influencing perceptions and emotional responses associated with climate change in LA countries? The final sample consisted of 7232 people, with an error of 2.8% for the total population from 18 countries, representing 67% of the region’s internet-accessible population. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, cross-tabulations, and mixed linear models. Results indicate a consensus on the fact that climate change is already happening, that is totally or partially caused by human activities, that will worsen poverty and inequalities but also that is an opportunity to build a fairer society. Sociodemographic differences were also found, showing the importance of sex, age and having or not having children in multiple variables. We hope this study will contribute to a better understanding of this complex social issue, informing policies to encourage a greater engagement with climate action.