11. Conclusions

‘Complexity’ is perhaps the term that defines mountain climatology in the most relevant manner, as it can be associated with many aspects in this direction. Mountain environments are always characterised by complex physical background generated at the interaction of many factors, leading to multiple consequences, creating specific resources, and impacting various social and economic interests. In this context, mountain climatology research has a crucial importance for understanding the relationships between the system’s components, for preventing potential threats, and mitigating their impact, and for a sustainable use of the natural resources. This book is a climatic monograph which addresses one of the most complex mountain environments in Europe, the Carpathians Chain, focusing on the mountain regions which lie over Romania, herein called Eastern, Southern, and Western Carpathians.