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Interpretations of QM with Applications for Formal Epistemology Read chapter Read first chapter

2017 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

Contextuality in the Integrated Information Theory

Authors : J. Acacio de Barros, Carlos Montemayor, Leonardo P. G. De Assis

Published in: Quantum Interaction

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

Integrated Information Theory (IIT) is one of the most influential theories of consciousness, mainly due to its claim of mathematically formalizing consciousness in a measurable way. However, the theory, as it is formulated, does not account for contextual observations that are crucial for understanding consciousness. Here we put forth three possible difficulties for its current version, which could be interpreted as a trilemma. Either consciousness is contextual or not. If contextual, either IIT needs revisions to its axioms to include contextuality, or it is inconsistent. If consciousness is not contextual, then IIT faces an empirical challenge. Therefore, we argue that IIT in its current version is inadequate.

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previous chapter Testing Boundaries of Applicability of Quantum Probabilistic Formalism to Modeling of Cognition: Metaphors of Two and Three Slit Experiments
next chapter Is Stress Quantum-Like?
Footnotes
1
This term was introduced by Pawel Kurzynski. See his contribution to this conference.
 
2
Because of our choice of \(\pm 1\)-valued random variables with zero expectation, their joint expectations coincide with their correlations.
 
3
This example is examined in detail in Specker’s Parable of the Over-Zealous Seer [cite], but was also discussed much earlier on by Boole [cite].
 
4
The indexing idea is also related to Stalnaker’s two-dimensional semantics; see [23].
 
5
In the works of Dzhafarov and Kujala, when we can assign contextuality because of direct influences between the measuring conditions of random variables, such variables are said to be inconsistently connected [8, 10‐12, 14]. To those author’s, a system is contextual only if all context effects are not explainable by direct influences. So, for them the \(\mathbf {P}_{1}\), \(\mathbf {P}_{2}\), and \(\mathbf {P}_{3}\) perfectly anti-correlated example is contextual, whereas the Clinton/Gore one is not. However, we emphasize that this is a nomenclature issue.
 
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Metadata
Title
Contextuality in the Integrated Information Theory
Authors
J. Acacio de Barros
Carlos Montemayor
Leonardo P. G. De Assis
Copyright Year
2017
Book
Quantum Interaction

Print ISBN: 978-3-319-52288-3

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-52289-0

Copyright Year: 2017

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-52289-0_5

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