Top

Cellulose

Published in:

17-03-2021 | Original Research

Cotton/alginate blended knitted fabrics: flame retardancy, flame‐retardant mechanism, water absorption and mechanical properties

Authors: Ye Tao, Bin Wang, Chang Liu, Ping Li, Ying-Jun Xu, Zhi-Ming Jiang, Yun Liu, Ping Zhu

Published in: Cellulose | Issue 7/2021

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config

AI-assisted search

Off

Abstract

The influence of the weaving method on the flame retardancy of the fabrics prepared cannot be ignored. In this work, the thermal stability, flame retardancy, flame-retardant mechanism, mechanical properties and water absorption of cotton/alginate blended knitted fabrics were investigated. Thermogravimetric analysis results showed that the char residues at 700 °C of cotton/alginate blended knitted fabrics increased both in N₂ and air. In the cone calorimetry test, compared with cotton knitted fabrics, the fire growth rate index of cotton5/alginate5 decreased from 2.63 to 1.40 kW m⁻² s. Thermogravimetric analysis coupled with Fourier transform infrared analysis indicated that the cotton/alginate blended knitted fabrics released more non-flammable gases and fewer inflammable products containing carbonyl and ether groups. Analysis of Raman spectra showed that the char residues of cotton5/alginate5 had a higher degree of graphitization. The analysis of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy spectra proved the existence of CaCO₃ and CaO in the char residues. Moreover, the introduction of alginate fibers improved the water absorption and water retention properties of cotton knitted fabrics, but reduced its mechanical properties.

previous article Soil biodegradation of cotton fabrics treated with common finishes

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Cao L, Lu W, Mata A, Nishinari K, Fang Y (2020) Egg-box model-based gelation of alginate and pectin: a review. Carbohydr Polym 242:116389. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116389CrossRefPubMed

Chen Y, Wang D, Liu S, Lu Y, Zhang G, Zhang F (2020) A novel P–N-based flame retardant with multi-reactive groups for treatment of cotton fabrics. Cellulose 27:9075–9089. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-020-03387-0CrossRef

Fang F, Chen X, Zhang X, Cheng C, Xiao D, Meng Y, Ging X, Zhang H, Tian X (2016) Environmentally friendly assembly multilayer coating for flame retardant and antimicrobial cotton fabric. Prog Org Coat 90:258–266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2015.09.025CrossRef

Jiang Z, Li H, He Y, Liu Y, Dong C, Zhu P (2019) Flame retardancy and thermal behavior of cotton fabrics based on a novel phosphorus-containing siloxane. Appl Surf Sci 479:765–775. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.02.159CrossRef

Kanat M, Eren T (2019) Synthesis of phosphorus-containing flame retardants and investigation of their flame retardant behavior in textile applications. J Appl Polym Sci 136:47935. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.47935CrossRef

Kong QS, Wang BB, Ji Q, Xia YZ, Guo ZX, Yu J (2009) Thermal degradation and flame retardancy of calcium alginate fibers. Chin J Polym Sci 27:807–812. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0256767909004527CrossRef

Kundu CK, Wang W, Zhou S, Wang X, Sheng H, Pan Y, Song L, Hu Y (2017) A green approach to constructing multilayered nanocoating for flame retardant treatment of polyamide 66 fabric from chitosan and sodium alginate. Carbohydr Polym 166:131–138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.02.084CrossRef

Kundu CK, Song L, Hu Y (2020) Sol–gel coatings from DOPO-alkoxysilanes: efficacy in fire protection of polyamide 66 textiles. Eur Polym J 125:109483. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109483CrossRef

Laufer G, Kirkland C, Morgan AB, Grunlan JC (2012) Intumescent multilayer nanocoating, made with renewable polyelectrolytes, for flame-retardant cotton. Biomacromolecules 13:2843–2848. https://doi.org/10.1021/bm300873bCrossRefPubMed

Lazar ST, Kolibaba TJ, Grunlan JC (2020) Flame-retardant surface treatments. Nat Rev Mater. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41578-019-0164-6CrossRef

Li ZF, Zhang CJ, Cui L, Zhu P, Yan C, Liu Y (2017) Fire retardant and thermal degradation properties of cotton fabrics based on APTES and sodium phytate through layer-by-layer assembly. J Anal Appl Pyrol 123:216–223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2016.11.026CrossRef

Li P, Wang B, Xu YJ, Jiang Z, Dong C, Liu Y, Zhu P (2019) Ecofriendly flame-retardant cotton fabrics: preparation, flame retardancy, thermal degradation properties, and mechanism. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 7:19246–19256. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.9b05523CrossRef

Li P, Wang B, Liu YY, Jiang ZM, Dong CH, Zhang L, Liu Y, Zhu P (2020) Fully bio-based coating from chitosan and phytate for fire-safe and antibacterial cotton fabrics. Carbohydr Polym 237:116173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116173CrossRefPubMed

Liu J, Xiao C (2018) Fire-retardant multilayer assembled on polyester fabric from water-soluble chitosan, sodium alginate and divalent metal ion. Int J Biol Macromol 119:1083–1089. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.08.043CrossRefPubMed

Liu Y, Zhao J, Zhang C, Ji H, Zhu P (2014) The flame retardancy, thermal properties, and degradation mechanism of zinc alginate films. J Macromol Sci B 53:1074–1089. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222348.2014.891169CrossRef

Liu Y, Li Z, Wang J, Zhu P, Zhao J, Zhang C, Guo Y, Jin X (2015a) Thermal degradation and pyrolysis behavior of aluminum alginate investigated by TG-FTIR-MS and Py-GC-MS. Polym Degrad Stabil 118:59–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2015.04.010CrossRef

Liu Y, Zhao JC, Zhang CJ, Guo Y, Zhu P, Wang DY (2015b) Effect of manganese and cobalt ions on flame retardancy and thermal degradation of bio-based alginate films. J Mater Sci 51:1052–1065. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-015-9435-9CrossRef

Liu Y, Wang JS, Zhu P, Zhao JC, Zhang CJ, Guo Y, Cui L (2016a) Thermal degradation properties of biobased iron alginate film. J Anal Appl Pyrol 119:87–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2016.03.014CrossRef

Liu Y, Zhang CJ, Zhao JC, Guo Y, Zhu P, Wang DY (2016b) Bio-based barium alginate film: preparation, flame retardancy and thermal degradation behavior. Carbohydr Polym 139:106–114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.12.044CrossRefPubMed

Liu Y, Zhao XR, Peng YL, Wang D, Yang L, Peng H, Zhu P, Wang YZ (2016c) Effect of reactive time on flame retardancy and thermal degradation behavior of bio-based zinc alginate film. Polym Degrad Stabil 127:20–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2015.12.024CrossRef

Liu Z, Li J, Zhao X, Li Z, Li Q (2018) Surface coating for flame retardancy and pyrolysis behavior of polyester fabric based on calcium alginate nanocomposites. Nanomaterials Basel 8:875. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano8110875CrossRefPubMedCentral

Liu M, Huang S, Zhang G, Zhang F (2019) Synthesis of P–N–Si synergistic flame retardant based on a cyclodiphosphazane derivative for use on cotton fabric. Cellulose 26:7553–7567. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-019-02608-5CrossRef

Liu J, Dong C, Zhang Z, Sun H, Kong D, Lu Z (2020a) Durable flame retardant cotton fabrics modified with a novel silicon-phosphorus-nitrogen synergistic flame retardant. Cellulose 27:9027–9043. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-020-03370-9CrossRef

Liu Y, Tao Y, Wang B, Li P, Xu YJ, Jiang ZM, Dong CH, Zhu P (2020b) Fully bio-based fire-safety viscose/alginate blended nonwoven fabrics: thermal degradation behavior, flammability, and smoke suppression. Cellulose 27:6037–6053. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-020-03162-1CrossRef

Ortelli S, Malucelli G, Blosi M, Zanoni I, Costa AL (2019) NanoTiO₂@DNA complex: a novel eco, durable, fire retardant design strategy for cotton textiles. J Colloid Interf Sci 546:174–183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2019.03.055CrossRef

Pan Y, Wang W, Liu L, Ge H, Song L, Hu Y (2017) Influences of metal ions crosslinked alginate based coatings on thermal stability and fire resistance of cotton fabrics. Carbohydr Polym 170:133–139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.04.065CrossRefPubMed

Rosace G, Castellano A, Trovato V, Iacono G, Malucelli G (2018) Thermal and flame retardant behaviour of cotton fabrics treated with a novel nitrogen-containing carboxyl-functionalized organophosphorus system. Carbohydr Polym 196:348–358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.05.012CrossRefPubMed

Sosulnikov MI, Teterin YA (1992) X-ray photoelectron studies of Ca, Sr and Ba and their oxides and carbonates. J Electron Spectrosc 59:111–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/0368-2048(92)85002-OCrossRef

Stipp SL, Hochella MF (1991) Structure and bonding environments at the calcite surface as observed with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and low energy electron diffraction (LEED). Geochim Cosmochim Acta 55:1723–1736. https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(91)90142-RCrossRef

Tian P, Lu Y, Wang D, Zhang G, Zhang F (2019a) Solvent-free synthesis of silicon-nitrogen-phosphorus flame retardant for cotton fabrics. Cellulose 26:6995–7007. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-019-02554-2CrossRef

Tian P, Lu Y, Wang D, Zhang G, Zhang F (2019b) Synthesis of a new N-P durable flame retardant for cotton fabrics. Polym Degrad Stabil 165:220–228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2019.04.024CrossRef

Wang QQ, Liu Y, Zhang CJ, Zhang C, Zhu P (2019) Alginate/gelatin blended hydrogel fibers cross-linked by Ca²⁺ and oxidized starch: preparation and properties. Mater Sci Eng C Mater 99:1469–1476. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2019.02.091CrossRef

Wang B, Li P, Xu YJ, Jiang ZM, Dong CH, Liu Y, Zhu P (2020) Bio-based, nontoxic and flame-retardant cotton/alginate blended fibres as filling materials: thermal degradation properties, flammability and flame-retardant mechanism. Compos Part B Eng 194:108038. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2020.108038CrossRef

Yasin S, Behary N, Giraud S, Perwuelz A (2016) In situ degradation of organophosphorus flame retardant on cellulosic fabric using advanced oxidation process: a study on degradation and characterization. Polym Degrad Stabil 126:1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2015.12.005CrossRef

Zhang J, Ji Q, Wang F, Tan L, Xia Y (2012) Effects of divalent metal ions on the flame retardancy and pyrolysis products of alginate fibres. Polym Degrad Stabil 97:1034–1040. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2012.03.004CrossRef

Zhang FQ, Wang B, Xu YJ, Li P, Liu Y, Zhu P (2020) Convenient blending of alginate fibers with polyamide fibers for flame-retardant non-woven fabrics. Cellulose 27:8341–8349. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-020-03331-2CrossRef

Zhu W, Yang M, Huang H, Dai Z, Cheng B, Hao S (2020) A phytic acid-based chelating coordination embedding structure of phosphorus-boron-nitride synergistic flame retardant to enhance durability and flame retardancy of cotton. Cellulose 27:4817–4829. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-020-03063-3CrossRef

Title: Cotton/alginate blended knitted fabrics: flame retardancy, flame‐retardant mechanism, water absorption and mechanical properties
Authors: Ye Tao
Bin Wang
Chang Liu
Ping Li
Ying-Jun Xu
Zhi-Ming Jiang
Yun Liu
Ping Zhu
Publication date: 17-03-2021
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Published in: Cellulose / Issue 7/2021
Print ISSN: 0969-0239
Electronic ISSN: 1572-882X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-021-03772-3

Springer Professional

Abstract

Please log in to get access to your license.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Technik"

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Other articles of this Issue 7/2021

Polydopamine functionalized cellulose-MXene composite aerogel with superior adsorption of methylene blue

High-barrier, strong, and antibacterial paper fabricated by coating acetylated cellulose and cinnamaldehyde for food packaging

Highly viscoelastic, stretchable, conductive, and self-healing strain sensors based on cellulose nanofiber-reinforced polyacrylic acid hydrogel

Photo-curable, double-crosslinked, in situ-forming hydrogels based on oxidized hydroxypropyl cellulose

Exploring digital image correlation technique for the analysis of the tensile properties of all-cellulose composites

Deposition of carbon–tungsten carbide on coir pulp to improve its compatibility with polylactic acid