1. Covid-19 Pandemic: Towards the Nature’s Ecological Resilience

The novel coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic or known as COVID-19 pandemic has triggered a global public health crisis. Drastic and sweeping measures taken by countries around the world to curb the spread of COVID-19, including border shutdowns, travel bans, full or partial lockdowns, business closures, home confinement, and others have brought economic activities to a near halt, leading to an economic crisis. These measures have also had positive and negative effects on the environment and biodiversity. Nevertheless, the pandemic has had significant effects on nature’s ecological resilience. Our review demonstrates a significant association between contingency measures and improvements in air and land quality, as well as an increase in wildlife populations. However, there have also been negative effects such as an increase in waste, which further endangers the water and land ecology. Ecological resilience is essential since all ecosystems, whether lithosphere, atmosphere or hydrosphere, face hazards that require the identification of mitigation risks. Resilience can be seen as a factor influencing adaptive capacity, which, in turn, is an element of the vulnerability of nature’s ecological system. This paper provides a brief review of nature’s ecological resilience and sustainability during the COVID-19 pandemic.