CSIP—Cuckoo Search Inspired Protocol for Routing in Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks

Cognitive radio (CR) is viewed as the empowering innovation of the dynamic spectrum access (DSA) model which is imagined to take care of the present spectrum scarcity issue by encouraging the contraption of new remote administrations. Cognitive devices have the similar proficiency of CR and the expedient network that they form dynamically is called cognitive radio ad hoc networks (CRAHNs). Due to assorted qualities in channels, routing becomes a critical undertaking job in CRAHN. Minimizing the end-to-end delay is one of the major difficult tasks in CRAHNs, where the transmission of packets passes on every hop of routing path. In this paper, a new reactive multicast routing protocol namely cuckoo search inspired protocol (CSIP) is proposed to reduce the overall end-to-end delay, which progressively reduces the congestion level on various routing path by considering the spectrum accessibility and the service rate of each hop in CRAHNs. Simulations are demonstrated using NS2 tool and the results proved that the proposed routing protocol CSIP significantly outperforms better than other baseline schemes in minimizing end-to-end delay in CRAHNs.