Skip to main content
Top
Published in:

23-05-2024 | Research

Deep Learning for Outage Probability Minimization in Secure NOMA Energy Harvesting UAV IoT Networks

Authors: Nguyen Quoc Long, Viet-Hung Dang, Nhu Gia Nguyen, Thanh Trong Nguyen, Tu Dac Ho, Hung Tran, Duc-Dung Tran, Cong Le Thanh, Van Nhan Vo

Published in: Mobile Networks and Applications | Issue 6/2023

Log in

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

In this paper, a secure uplink non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) internet of things (IoT) system using an energy harvesting (EH) unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is studied. The communication protocol includes three phases: The first phase is an EH phase, in which a UAV relay (UR) and IoT user/devices (IDs) harvest radio frequency energy from a base station (BS). Information transmission from IDs to the UAV relay is the second phase. The third phase then relays the information from the UR to the BS. Furthermore, in the second and third phases, a UAV eavesdropper (UE) wiretaps the signals from the IDs and UAV relay. For this system, we derived the closed-form outage and intercept probabilities to evaluate the system and secrecy performances. We then propose a random-cut continuous genetic algorithm (RCGA) to minimize the outage probability and obtain training data. Finally, we train a deep learning model to predict the optimal configuration parameters, allowing for rapid adaptation to environmental conditions.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Show more products
Literature
1.
go back to reference Zhu B, Bedeer E, Nguyen HH, Barton R, Gao Z (2023) UAV trajectory planning for AoI-minimal data collection in UAV-aided IoT networks by transformer. IEEE Trans Wireless Commun 22(2):1343–1358CrossRef Zhu B, Bedeer E, Nguyen HH, Barton R, Gao Z (2023) UAV trajectory planning for AoI-minimal data collection in UAV-aided IoT networks by transformer. IEEE Trans Wireless Commun 22(2):1343–1358CrossRef
2.
go back to reference Bao T, Yang HC, Hasna MO (2020) Secrecy performance analysis of UAV-assisted relaying communication systems. IEEE Trans Vehicular Tech 69(1):1122–1126CrossRef Bao T, Yang HC, Hasna MO (2020) Secrecy performance analysis of UAV-assisted relaying communication systems. IEEE Trans Vehicular Tech 69(1):1122–1126CrossRef
3.
go back to reference Raut P, Singh K, Li CP, Alouini MS, Huang WJ (2021) Nonlinear eh-based uav-assisted fd iot networks: infinite and finite blocklength analysis. IEEE Internet Things J 8(24):17 655–17 668 Raut P, Singh K, Li CP, Alouini MS, Huang WJ (2021) Nonlinear eh-based uav-assisted fd iot networks: infinite and finite blocklength analysis. IEEE Internet Things J 8(24):17 655–17 668
4.
go back to reference Gong S, Wang M, Gu WZB, Hoang DT, Niyato D (2023) Bayesian optimization enhanced deep reinforcement learning for trajectory planning and network formation in multi-UAV networks. IEEE Trans Veh Techn 72(8):10 933–10 948 Gong S, Wang M, Gu WZB, Hoang DT, Niyato D (2023) Bayesian optimization enhanced deep reinforcement learning for trajectory planning and network formation in multi-UAV networks. IEEE Trans Veh Techn 72(8):10 933–10 948
5.
go back to reference Wigren T, Yasini S (2022) Passive UAV tracking in wireless networks. IEEE Trans Aerospace Electron Syst 58(5):4101–4118CrossRef Wigren T, Yasini S (2022) Passive UAV tracking in wireless networks. IEEE Trans Aerospace Electron Syst 58(5):4101–4118CrossRef
6.
go back to reference Zhang Y, Lan X, Ren J, Cai L (2020) Efficient computing resource sharing for mobile edge-cloud computing networks. IEEE/ACM Trans Netw 28(3):1227–1240CrossRef Zhang Y, Lan X, Ren J, Cai L (2020) Efficient computing resource sharing for mobile edge-cloud computing networks. IEEE/ACM Trans Netw 28(3):1227–1240CrossRef
7.
go back to reference Zhao N, Lu W, Sheng M, Chen Y, Tang J, Yu FR, Wong K-K (2019) Uav-assisted emergency networks in disasters. IEEE Wireless Commun 26(1):45–51CrossRef Zhao N, Lu W, Sheng M, Chen Y, Tang J, Yu FR, Wong K-K (2019) Uav-assisted emergency networks in disasters. IEEE Wireless Commun 26(1):45–51CrossRef
8.
go back to reference Xiao H, Wu C, Jiang H, Deng LP, Luo Y, Zhang QY (2023) Energy-efficient resource allocation in multiple uavs-assisted energy harvesting-powered two-hop cognitive radio network. IEEE Sens J 23(7):7644–7655CrossRef Xiao H, Wu C, Jiang H, Deng LP, Luo Y, Zhang QY (2023) Energy-efficient resource allocation in multiple uavs-assisted energy harvesting-powered two-hop cognitive radio network. IEEE Sens J 23(7):7644–7655CrossRef
9.
go back to reference Jiang R, Xiong K, Yang HC, Fan P, Zhong Z, Letaief KB (2022) On the coverage of UAV-assisted SWIPT networks with nonlinear EH model. IEEE Trans Wireless Commun 21(6):4464–4481CrossRef Jiang R, Xiong K, Yang HC, Fan P, Zhong Z, Letaief KB (2022) On the coverage of UAV-assisted SWIPT networks with nonlinear EH model. IEEE Trans Wireless Commun 21(6):4464–4481CrossRef
10.
go back to reference Agrawal N, Bansal A, Singh K, Li CP, Mumtaz S (2022) Finite block length analysis of RIS-assisted UAV-based multiuser IoT communication system with non-linear EH. IEEE Trans Commun 70(5):3542–3557CrossRef Agrawal N, Bansal A, Singh K, Li CP, Mumtaz S (2022) Finite block length analysis of RIS-assisted UAV-based multiuser IoT communication system with non-linear EH. IEEE Trans Commun 70(5):3542–3557CrossRef
11.
go back to reference Hoang TM, Dung LT, Nguyen BC, Vinh NV, Kim T (2023) BLER and throughput analysis of power beacon-based energy harvesting UAV-assisted NOMA relay systems for short-packet communications. IEEE Access 11:105 115–105 129 Hoang TM, Dung LT, Nguyen BC, Vinh NV, Kim T (2023) BLER and throughput analysis of power beacon-based energy harvesting UAV-assisted NOMA relay systems for short-packet communications. IEEE Access 11:105 115–105 129
12.
go back to reference Arafat N, Maher EA, El-Mahdy A, Dressler F (2023) Performance of large intelligent surfaces in multiuser millimeter wave MIMO-NOMA systems. IEEE Access 11:142 235–142 247 Arafat N, Maher EA, El-Mahdy A, Dressler F (2023) Performance of large intelligent surfaces in multiuser millimeter wave MIMO-NOMA systems. IEEE Access 11:142 235–142 247
13.
go back to reference Hoang TM, Dung LT, Nguyen BC, Kim T (2023) Outage and throughput analysis of UAV-assisted NOMA relay systems with indoor and outdoor users. IEEE Trans Aerospace Electron Syst 59(3):2633–2647CrossRef Hoang TM, Dung LT, Nguyen BC, Kim T (2023) Outage and throughput analysis of UAV-assisted NOMA relay systems with indoor and outdoor users. IEEE Trans Aerospace Electron Syst 59(3):2633–2647CrossRef
14.
15.
go back to reference Lei H, Yang F, Ansari IS, Liu H, Kim KJ, Tsiftsis TA (2023) Secrecy outage performance analysis for uplink CR-NOMA systems with hybrid SIC. IEEE Internet Things J 10(15):13 181–13 195 Lei H, Yang F, Ansari IS, Liu H, Kim KJ, Tsiftsis TA (2023) Secrecy outage performance analysis for uplink CR-NOMA systems with hybrid SIC. IEEE Internet Things J 10(15):13 181–13 195
16.
go back to reference SP et al (2023) Physical layer security for NOMA systems: requirements, issues, and recommendations. IEEE Internet Things J 10(24):21 721–21 737 SP et al (2023) Physical layer security for NOMA systems: requirements, issues, and recommendations. IEEE Internet Things J 10(24):21 721–21 737
17.
go back to reference Tang J, Chen G, Coon J (2019) Secrecy performance analysis of wireless communications in the presence of UAV jammer and randomly located UAV eavesdroppers. IEEE Trans Inf Forensics Secur 14(11):3026–3041CrossRef Tang J, Chen G, Coon J (2019) Secrecy performance analysis of wireless communications in the presence of UAV jammer and randomly located UAV eavesdroppers. IEEE Trans Inf Forensics Secur 14(11):3026–3041CrossRef
18.
go back to reference Sun X, Ng DWK, Ding Z, Xu Y, Zhong Z (2019) Physical layer security in UAV systems: challenges and opportunities. IEEE Wireless Commun 26(5):40–47 Sun X, Ng DWK, Ding Z, Xu Y, Zhong Z (2019) Physical layer security in UAV systems: challenges and opportunities. IEEE Wireless Commun 26(5):40–47
19.
go back to reference Wu Q, Mei W, Zhang R (2019) Safeguarding wireless network with UAVs: a physical layer security perspective. IEEE Wireless Commun 26(5):12–18 Wu Q, Mei W, Zhang R (2019) Safeguarding wireless network with UAVs: a physical layer security perspective. IEEE Wireless Commun 26(5):12–18
20.
go back to reference Van NV, Tran H, Dang VH, Niyato D, Cuong DN, Luong NC, So-In C (2023) Outage probability minimization in secure noma cognitive radio systems with uav relay: a machine learning approach. IEEE Trans Cognit Commun Netw 9(2):435–451 Van NV, Tran H, Dang VH, Niyato D, Cuong DN, Luong NC, So-In C (2023) Outage probability minimization in secure noma cognitive radio systems with uav relay: a machine learning approach. IEEE Trans Cognit Commun Netw 9(2):435–451
21.
go back to reference Liu B, Zhao W, Sun Q (2017) Study of object detection based on faster R-CNN. In: 2017 Chinese Automation Congress (CAC) 2017, pp 6233–6236 Liu B, Zhao W, Sun Q (2017) Study of object detection based on faster R-CNN. In: 2017 Chinese Automation Congress (CAC) 2017, pp 6233–6236
22.
go back to reference Menikdiwela M, Nguyen C, Li H, Shaw M (2017) CNN-based small object detection and visualization with feature activation mapping. In: International conference on image and vision computing New Zealand (IVCNZ) 2017, pp 1–5 Menikdiwela M, Nguyen C, Li H, Shaw M (2017) CNN-based small object detection and visualization with feature activation mapping. In: International conference on image and vision computing New Zealand (IVCNZ) 2017, pp 1–5
23.
go back to reference Zhang L, Wang Z, He J, Li Y (2023) New image processing: VGG image style transfer with gram matrix style features. In: 2023 5th International conference on artificial intelligence and computer applications (ICAICA) 2023, pp 468–472 Zhang L, Wang Z, He J, Li Y (2023) New image processing: VGG image style transfer with gram matrix style features. In: 2023 5th International conference on artificial intelligence and computer applications (ICAICA) 2023, pp 468–472
24.
go back to reference Bai L, Abe H, Lee C (2020) RNN-based approach to TCP throughput prediction. In: Eighth international symposium on computing and networking workshops (CANDARW) 2020, pp 391–395 Bai L, Abe H, Lee C (2020) RNN-based approach to TCP throughput prediction. In: Eighth international symposium on computing and networking workshops (CANDARW) 2020, pp 391–395
25.
go back to reference Elkourdi M, Mazin A, Gitlin RD (2019) Performance analysis for virtual-cell based comp 5G networks using deep recurrent neural nets. In: Wireless telecommunications symposium (WTS) 2019, pp 1–6 Elkourdi M, Mazin A, Gitlin RD (2019) Performance analysis for virtual-cell based comp 5G networks using deep recurrent neural nets. In: Wireless telecommunications symposium (WTS) 2019, pp 1–6
26.
go back to reference Li Y, Zhang R, Zhang J, Gao S, Yang L (2019) Cooperative jamming for secure UAV communications with partial eavesdropper information. IEEE Access 7:94 593–94 603 Li Y, Zhang R, Zhang J, Gao S, Yang L (2019) Cooperative jamming for secure UAV communications with partial eavesdropper information. IEEE Access 7:94 593–94 603
27.
go back to reference Chen Y, Zhao N, Alouini ZDM-S (2018) Multiple UAVs as relays: multi-hop single link versus multiple dual-hop links. IEEE Trans Wireless Commun 17(9):6348–6359 Chen Y, Zhao N, Alouini ZDM-S (2018) Multiple UAVs as relays: multi-hop single link versus multiple dual-hop links. IEEE Trans Wireless Commun 17(9):6348–6359
28.
go back to reference Sohail MF, Leow CY, Won S (2018) Non-orthogonal multiple access for unmanned aerial vehicle assisted communication. IEEE Access 6:22 716–22 727 Sohail MF, Leow CY, Won S (2018) Non-orthogonal multiple access for unmanned aerial vehicle assisted communication. IEEE Access 6:22 716–22 727
29.
go back to reference Ji B, Li Y, Chen S, Han C, Li C, Wen H (2020) Secrecy outage analysis of UAV assisted relay and antenna selection for cognitive network under nakagami-\(m\) channel. IEEE Trans Cognit Commun Netw 7:1–11 Ji B, Li Y, Chen S, Han C, Li C, Wen H (2020) Secrecy outage analysis of UAV assisted relay and antenna selection for cognitive network under nakagami-\(m\) channel. IEEE Trans Cognit Commun Netw 7:1–11
30.
go back to reference Tran D-D, Ha D-B, Vo VN, So-In C, Tran H, Nguyen TG, Baig Z, Sanguanpong S (2018) Performance analysis of DF/AF cooperative MISO wireless sensor networks with NOMA and SWIPT over Nakagami-\(m\) fading. IEEE Access 6:56 142–56 161 Tran D-D, Ha D-B, Vo VN, So-In C, Tran H, Nguyen TG, Baig Z, Sanguanpong S (2018) Performance analysis of DF/AF cooperative MISO wireless sensor networks with NOMA and SWIPT over Nakagami-\(m\) fading. IEEE Access 6:56 142–56 161
31.
go back to reference Do D-T, Vaezi M, Nguyen T-L (2018) Wireless powered cooperative relaying using NOMA with imperfect CSI. In: Proc. IEEE Globecom, Abu Dhabi, U.A.E, Sep. 2018, pp 1–6 Do D-T, Vaezi M, Nguyen T-L (2018) Wireless powered cooperative relaying using NOMA with imperfect CSI. In: Proc. IEEE Globecom, Abu Dhabi, U.A.E, Sep. 2018, pp 1–6
32.
go back to reference Vo V.N, Nguyen TG, So-In C, Ha D-B (2017) Secrecy performance analysis of energy harvesting wireless sensor networks with a friendly jammer. IEEE Access 5:25 196–25 206 Vo V.N, Nguyen TG, So-In C, Ha D-B (2017) Secrecy performance analysis of energy harvesting wireless sensor networks with a friendly jammer. IEEE Access 5:25 196–25 206
33.
go back to reference Guo C, Zhao L, Feng C, Ding Z, Chen H-H (2019) Energy harvesting enabled NOMA systems with full-duplex relaying. IEEE Trans Veh Technol 68(7):7179–7183CrossRef Guo C, Zhao L, Feng C, Ding Z, Chen H-H (2019) Energy harvesting enabled NOMA systems with full-duplex relaying. IEEE Trans Veh Technol 68(7):7179–7183CrossRef
34.
go back to reference Chen J, Yang L, Alouini M-S (2018) Physical layer security for cooperative NOMA systems. IEEE Trans Veh Technol 67(5):4645–4649CrossRef Chen J, Yang L, Alouini M-S (2018) Physical layer security for cooperative NOMA systems. IEEE Trans Veh Technol 67(5):4645–4649CrossRef
35.
go back to reference Gradshteyn I, Ryzhik I (2014) Table of Integrals, Series, and Products, 8th ed., Zwillinger D, Moll V (eds). Elsevier Gradshteyn I, Ryzhik I (2014) Table of Integrals, Series, and Products, 8th ed., Zwillinger D, Moll V (eds). Elsevier
36.
go back to reference Yan M, Yuan H, Xu J (2021) Task allocation and route planning of multiple UAVs in a marine environment based on an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm. EURASIP J Adv Signal Process 2021(94):1–23 Yan M, Yuan H, Xu J (2021) Task allocation and route planning of multiple UAVs in a marine environment based on an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm. EURASIP J Adv Signal Process 2021(94):1–23
37.
go back to reference Liu Z, Liu J, Zhou F, Liu RW, Xiong N (2019) A robust GA/PSO-hybrid algorithm in intelligent shipping route planning systems for maritime traffic networks. J Internet Technol 19(6):1635–1644 Liu Z, Liu J, Zhou F, Liu RW, Xiong N (2019) A robust GA/PSO-hybrid algorithm in intelligent shipping route planning systems for maritime traffic networks. J Internet Technol 19(6):1635–1644
38.
go back to reference Luo Y, Wu C, Leng Y, Huang N, Mao L, Tang J (2022) Throughput Optimization for NOMA cognitive relay network with RF energy harvesting based on improved Bat Algorithm. Math 10(22) Luo Y, Wu C, Leng Y, Huang N, Mao L, Tang J (2022) Throughput Optimization for NOMA cognitive relay network with RF energy harvesting based on improved Bat Algorithm. Math 10(22)
39.
go back to reference Vo VN, Nguyen TG, So-In C, Tran H (2020) Outage performance analysis of energy harvesting wireless sensor networks for NOMA transmissions. Mobile Netw Appl 25:23–41CrossRef Vo VN, Nguyen TG, So-In C, Tran H (2020) Outage performance analysis of energy harvesting wireless sensor networks for NOMA transmissions. Mobile Netw Appl 25:23–41CrossRef
40.
go back to reference Hayaneh AM, Zaidi SAR, Mclernon DC, Renzo MD, Ghogho M (2018) Performance analysis of UAV enabled disaster recovery networks: a stochastic geometric framework based on cluster processes. IEEE Access 6:26 215–26 230 Hayaneh AM, Zaidi SAR, Mclernon DC, Renzo MD, Ghogho M (2018) Performance analysis of UAV enabled disaster recovery networks: a stochastic geometric framework based on cluster processes. IEEE Access 6:26 215–26 230
Metadata
Title
Deep Learning for Outage Probability Minimization in Secure NOMA Energy Harvesting UAV IoT Networks
Authors
Nguyen Quoc Long
Viet-Hung Dang
Nhu Gia Nguyen
Thanh Trong Nguyen
Tu Dac Ho
Hung Tran
Duc-Dung Tran
Cong Le Thanh
Van Nhan Vo
Publication date
23-05-2024
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Mobile Networks and Applications / Issue 6/2023
Print ISSN: 1383-469X
Electronic ISSN: 1572-8153
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11036-024-02348-2