Design and Analysis of AMC-Based Anti-symmetric Dual L-Shaped Antenna for WBAN Application

This paper presents a design of a low-profile, small, compact, flexible, bio-compatible microstrip fed AMC based Anti-symmetric dual L-shaped antenna that produces resonances at 2.44 GHz (ISM band) and 5.9 GHz for WBAN application. To make the proposed antenna bio-compatible, the antenna is incorporated with a 3 × 3 Artificial Magnetic Conductor array (AMC) that serves the purpose of Front to Back ratio (FBR) to increase and thus enhance the antenna parameters when kept in contact with the living human tissues. The proposed antenna and the AMC are designed on a Polyimide substrate (PI) to make it flexible. The antenna has a volume of 0.28\(\lambda_{0}\) × 0.26\(\lambda_{0} \)  × 0.013\(\lambda_{0} \;{\text{mm}}^{2} \) and that of the antenna with AMC surface is 0.612\(\lambda_{0}\) × 0.612\(\lambda_{0}\) × 0.050\(\lambda_{0}\) \({\text{mm}}^{2}\). From the simulation of the proposed Anti-symmetric dual L-shaped antenna with AMC, the result indicates the improved parameters of the antenna gain is 5.87 dB and 5.34 dB, bandwidth of 260 MHz and 1.06 GHz, Front to Back ratio is 58.8 dB and 37.25 dB with a radiation efficiency of 98.4% and 98.7% in 2.44 GHz and 5.9 GHz respectively. The proposed antenna having flexibility, improved gain and improved FBR makes it good for wearable antenna applications.