Design and development of a net-zero-energy residential building in Ahmedabad, India through application of grasshopper-optimization- algorithm and energy-simulation tools

The Indian construction industry's lack of consideration towards energy efficiency aspects of building projects is a major issue that needs attention. This paper aims at applying Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm (GOA) for designing and developing a net zero energy residential building for a mega city like Ahmedabad in western India. The methodology implemented in this paper includes advanced tools like Revit for model creation and MATLAB for simulation, enabling the optimization of the building design. Leveraging detailed climatic data for Ahmedabad, Gujarat, and specific building parameters, the study effectively enhanced energy efficiency. The Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm (GOA) played a pivotal role in reducing cooling loads and overall energy consumption through optimized passive design features. The findings highlight the significance of targeted optimization in building design for substantial energy savings and improved thermal performance. Identifying the optimal wall material combination provides valuable insights for future research and practical applications in sustainable building practices. Furthermore, integrating solar panels significantly decreased annual energy consumption, with initial reductions from 9330 to 840 kWh. Subsequent MATLAB optimization further lowered consumption to an average of 37.56 kWh /month, primarily during peak energy demand months of April to July. This endeavor aimed to achieve near-zero energy consumption, showcasing the potential of renewable energy integration in building sustainability.